{ "editions": { "1860": { "ed": 1, "d": [ "1860-10-17", "1860-10-17" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Wallyford, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "invitation (professionals only)", "cad": null, "r": [ 55, 59, 60 ], "tot": 174, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Park Sr" ], "leadSc": 114, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Morris Sr", "s": "MORRIS", "r": [ 58, 59, 59 ], "tot": 176, "note": "" } ], "field": 8, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 0.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On the final green Park faced a 30-foot putt on a bumpy green, and three putts would still have tied Morris.", "The prize was the Challenge Belt of red Moroccan leather with silver panels; the silver cost £25." ], "note": "Effectively invitational: 8 professionals only. Date confirmed by R&A, Golf Compendium and Prestwick GC.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first Open: Prestwick, 8 professionals, Challenge Belt" ], "firstc": [ "Scotland" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1860; 1863; 1866; 1875", "majors": 4, "ru": "1861; 1862; 1865; 1867", "death": "1903" } }, "1861": { "ed": 2, "d": [ "1861-09-26", "1861-09-26" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Sr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 40, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 54, 56, 53 ], "tot": 163, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Park Sr" ], "leadSc": 108, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "r": [ 54, 54, 59 ], "tot": 167, "note": "" } ], "field": 18, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "James Ogilvie Fairlie", 184 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 0.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the last, Morris played his ball from long grass beside a rain pool instead of taking a penalty drop, and closed with 53.", "Park's attempt to carry the Alps in two at the 2nd in the final round found a hazard and cost him three strokes." ], "note": "Amateurs admitted for the first time (8 joined the professionals). Fairlie was the first low amateur.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "amateurs admitted: 8 amateurs joined 10 professionals" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1861; 1862; 1864; 1867", "majors": 4, "ru": "1860; 1863; 1868", "death": "1908" } }, "1862": { "ed": 3, "d": [ "1862-09-11", "1862-09-11" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Sr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 41, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 52, 55, 56 ], "tot": 163, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 13, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Morris Sr" ], "leadSc": 107, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 11", "ru": [ { "n": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "r": [ 59, 59, 58 ], "tot": 176, "note": "" } ], "field": 8, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "James Knight", 186 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 0.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Morris's 13-stroke margin is still the largest winning margin in Open history.", "Stung by the margin, Park challenged Morris to an eight-round head-to-head match, which Morris won by 17 holes." ], "note": "13-shot margin stood as the major-championship record until 2000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": "oldest", "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1861; 1862; 1864; 1867", "majors": 4, "ru": "1860; 1863; 1868", "death": "1908" } }, "1863": { "ed": 4, "d": [ "1863-09-18", "1863-09-18" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Wallyford, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 56, 54, 58 ], "tot": 168, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Park Sr" ], "leadSc": 110, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Morris Sr", "s": "MORRIS", "r": [ 56, 58, 56 ], "tot": 170, "note": "" } ], "field": 14, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "James Knight", 190 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 1.25, "purse": 10.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Prize money was paid for the first time: a £10 purse for the professionals.", "Park's win stopped Morris taking the Belt outright with a third straight title." ], "note": "Conflict: R&A says the £10 was shared equally by 8 professionals (1.25 each, used here); Prestwick GC says the winner got nothing (2nd £5, 3rd £3, 4th £2).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first prize money: £10 purse; the first winner's cash (£6) came in 1864" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1860; 1863; 1866; 1875", "majors": 4, "ru": "1861; 1862; 1865; 1867", "death": "1903" } }, "1864": { "ed": 5, "d": [ "1864-09-16", "1864-09-16" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Sr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 43, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 54, 58, 55 ], "tot": 167, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Morris Sr" ], "leadSc": 112, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Andrew Strath", "s": "STRATH", "r": [ 56, 57, 56 ], "tot": 169, "note": "" } ], "field": 16, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 6.0, "purse": 15.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Morris received £6, the first cash prize paid to an Open champion, as well as a year's custody of the Belt.", "Andrew Strath was the first player other than Park or Morris to finish in the top two." ], "note": "£6 was 40% of the £15 pot (R&A).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": "oldest", "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1861; 1862; 1864; 1867", "majors": 4, "ru": "1860; 1863; 1868", "death": "1908" } }, "1865": { "ed": 6, "d": [ "1865-09-14", "1865-09-14" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Andrew Strath", "s": "STRATH", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 55, 54, 53 ], "tot": 162, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Park Sr" ], "leadSc": 108, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "r": [ 56, 52, 56 ], "tot": 164, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 178 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Young Tom Morris, aged 14 years 147 days, played his first Open and withdrew after rounds of 60 and 57.", "This was the first Open with official printed scorecards." ], "note": "Field: R&A lists 13 incl. 2 WD vs Wikipedia 12, so left unknown. Low amateur score R&A 178 vs Golf Compendium 179. Strath birth year disputed (see Part 2), so age unknown.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first printed scorecards: Prestwick" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1865", "majors": 1, "ru": "1864", "death": "1868" } }, "1866": { "ed": 7, "d": [ "unknown", "unknown" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Wallyford, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 54, 56, 59 ], "tot": 169, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Park Sr" ], "leadSc": 110, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 5", "ru": [ { "n": "David Park", "s": "PARK", "r": [ 58, 57, 56 ], "tot": 171, "note": "winner's brother" } ], "field": 16, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 183 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 11.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Willie and David Park became the first brothers to finish first and second in the Open.", "Park's third title drew him level with Old Tom Morris on three wins each." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1860; 1863; 1866; 1875", "majors": 4, "ru": "1861; 1862; 1865; 1867", "death": "1903" } }, "1867": { "ed": 8, "d": [ "1867-09-26", "1867-09-26" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Sr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 46, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 58, 54, 58 ], "tot": 170, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Morris Sr" ], "leadSc": 112, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 2", "ru": [ { "n": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "r": [ 58, 56, 58 ], "tot": 172, "note": "" } ], "field": 14, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 178 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 16.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Aged 46 years 102 days, Old Tom became the oldest Open champion, a record that still stands.", "Morris kept the ball low in the wind with a flat-faced driver-putter borrowed from Colonel Fairlie." ], "note": "Age: R&A 46y 102d (matches the 26 Sept date); Golf Compendium and some record lists say 46y 99d. R&A used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": "oldest", "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1861; 1862; 1864; 1867", "majors": 4, "ru": "1860; 1863; 1868", "death": "1908" } }, "1868": { "ed": 9, "d": [ "1868-09-23", "1868-09-23" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Jr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 17, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 51, 54, 49 ], "tot": 154, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Morris Sr" ], "leadSc": 104, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Morris Sr", "s": "MORRIS", "r": [ 54, 50, 53 ], "tot": 157, "note": "winner's father" } ], "field": 12, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 181 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 12.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At 17 years 156 days, Young Tom became the youngest champion, beating his father by three.", "His closing 49 was an Open record, and his 154 broke the 36-hole record by eight strokes." ], "note": "Father and son finished 1-2.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": "youngest", "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1868; 1869; 1870; 1872", "majors": 4, "ru": "1874", "death": "1875" } }, "1869": { "ed": 10, "d": [ "1869-09-16", "1869-09-16" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Jr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 18, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 50, 55, 52 ], "tot": 157, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 11, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Morris Jr" ], "leadSc": 105, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Kirk", "s": "KIRK", "r": [ 53, 58, 57 ], "tot": 168, "note": "R&A table 168; R&A narrative says 169" } ], "field": 14, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 175 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 12.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Young Tom made the Championship's first hole-in-one, at the 166-yard 8th (Station) hole.", "He won by 11 strokes on a day of strong wind." ], "note": "Runner-up Kirk: R&A table 168 vs R&A narrative 169; table used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Young Tom Morris", "h": 8, "rd": 1, "yd": 166 } ], "mile": [ "first hole-in-one: Young Tom Morris, Prestwick 8th" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1868; 1869; 1870; 1872", "majors": 4, "ru": "1874", "death": "1875" } }, "1870": { "ed": 11, "d": [ "1870-09-15", "1870-09-15" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick Golf Club", "trophy": "Challenge Belt", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Jr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 19, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 47, 51, 51 ], "tot": 149, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 12, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Morris Jr" ], "leadSc": 98, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 5", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Kirk", "s": "KIRK", "r": [ 52, 52, 57 ], "tot": 161, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Davie Strath", "s": "STRATH", "r": [ 54, 49, 58 ], "tot": 161, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 169 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 12.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Young Tom made 3 at the 578-yard 1st when his blind 200-yard third shot hit the flagstick and dropped in.", "His third straight win gave him permanent ownership of the Belt, which left the Championship without a trophy." ], "note": "Field: R&A lists 17 vs Wikipedia 20 starters; left unknown.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1868; 1869; 1870; 1872", "majors": 4, "ru": "1874", "death": "1875" } }, "1871": { "np": "no trophy (Young Tom Morris won the Challenge Belt outright in 1870); new trophy and joint organisation not agreed until Sept 1872" }, "1872": { "ed": 12, "d": [ "1872-09-13", "1872-09-13" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host), jointly with the R&A and the Honourable Company", "trophy": "Gold medal (Claret Jug not ready; later engraved for 1872)", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Morris Jr", "s": "MORRIS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 21, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 57, 56, 53 ], "tot": 166, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Davie Strath" ], "leadSc": 108, "def": 5, "wst": "5 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Davie Strath", "s": "STRATH", "r": [ 56, 52, 61 ], "tot": 169, "note": "" } ], "field": 8, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 177 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": null, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Strath led by five after 24 holes, but his drive at the last went into the Goosedubs swamp and he closed with 61.", "No new trophy was ready, so Young Tom received a medal; his name was later the first engraved on the Claret Jug." ], "note": "Announced with two days' notice. First Open under the three-club arrangement (Prestwick, R&A, Honourable Company). Purse 'not known' per R&A.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Davie Strath", "t": "led by 5 after 24 holes; drove into the Goosedubs at the last and closed with 61" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1868; 1869; 1870; 1872", "majors": 4, "ru": "1874", "death": "1875" } }, "1873": { "ed": 13, "d": [ "1873-10-04", "1873-10-04" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug (first presentation)", "holes": 36, "w": "Tom Kidd", "s": "KIDD", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 91, 88 ], "tot": 179, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Kidd", "Jamie Anderson", "Bob Kirk" ], "leadSc": 91, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Jamie Anderson", "s": "ANDERSON", "r": [ 91, 89 ], "tot": 180, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Henry Lamb", 192 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 11.0, "purse": null, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Torrential rain left standing water, and a new rule let a submerged ball be moved, no nearer the hole, for a one-stroke penalty.", "Kidd, a St Andrews caddie, was the first champion presented with the Claret Jug." ], "note": "Purse conflict: R&A 'not known', Wikipedia £25, Golf Today £20 (left unknown). First Open at St Andrews.", "wx": null, "wk": "storm", "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "standing water", "o": "a new local rule let a submerged ball be lifted for a one-stroke penalty" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "Claret Jug first presented: to Tom Kidd at St Andrews (engraved first for 1872)" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1873", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1884" } }, "1874": { "ed": 14, "d": [ "1874-04-10", "1874-04-10" ], "course": "Musselburgh Links (9-hole)", "town": "Musselburgh", "country": "Scotland", "v": "musselburgh", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Mungo Park", "s": "PARK", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Musselburgh, Scotland", "age": 37, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 75, 84 ], "tot": 159, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Mungo Park" ], "leadSc": 75, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Morris Jr", "s": "MORRIS", "r": [ 83, 78 ], "tot": 161, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "T. Hunter", 174 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Mungo Park, Willie Park Sr's brother who had spent much of his early life at sea, won the first Open at Musselburgh.", "In his last Open, Young Tom Morris missed a short putt at the penultimate hole and drove through the last green to lose by two." ], "note": "Musselburgh's 9-hole course played four times (reported as 2 x 18).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1874", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1904" } }, "1875": { "ed": 15, "d": [ "1875-09-10", "1875-09-10" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Willie Park Sr", "s": "PARK", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Wallyford, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 56, 59, 51 ], "tot": 166, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bob Ferguson", "Bob Martin" ], "leadSc": 114, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Martin", "s": "MARTIN", "r": [ 56, 58, 54 ], "tot": 168, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "William Doleman", 183 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "The Morrises stayed away: Young Tom's wife and baby had died in childbirth six days earlier.", "Fifteen years after his first win, Park closed with 51 for a fourth title, equal to the record of both Morrises." ], "note": "Purse R&A £20 vs Wikipedia £21; R&A used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1860; 1863; 1866; 1875", "majors": 4, "ru": "1861; 1862; 1865; 1867", "death": "1903" } }, "1876": { "ed": 16, "d": [ "1876-09-30", "1876-10-02" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Bob Martin", "s": "MARTIN", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Cupar, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 86, 90 ], "tot": 176, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "walkover (play-off ordered for Monday; Strath refused to play)", "losers": "Davie Strath", "scores": "walkover: Martin walked the course alone", "holes": 0 }, "lead": [ "Bob Martin", "Davie Strath" ], "leadSc": 86, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Davie Strath", "s": "STRATH", "r": [ 86, 90 ], "tot": 176, "note": "tied; refused play-off (walkover)" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Henry Lamb", 186 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 10.0, "purse": 27.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 14th, Strath's shot struck an upholsterer named Hutton on the head, and at the 17th his approach hit a player putting on the green.", "Martin was declared champion after walking the course alone, because Strath would not play until the protest was decided." ], "note": "First tie in Open history. Played during the R&A Autumn Meeting.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "protest that Strath played his approach at the 17th before the green was clear", "o": "the committee ordered the play-off \"under protest\"; Strath refused and Martin won by walkover" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first tie / first play-off contested: 1876 walkover; Fernie beat Ferguson over 36 holes in 1883" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1876; 1885", "majors": 2, "ru": "1875; 1887", "death": "1917" } }, "1877": { "ed": 17, "d": [ "1877-04-06", "1877-04-06" ], "course": "Musselburgh Links (9-hole)", "town": "Musselburgh", "country": "Scotland", "v": "musselburgh", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Jamie Anderson", "s": "ANDERSON", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 34, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 82, 78 ], "tot": 160, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bob Ferguson", "William Cosgrove", "William Brown" ], "leadSc": 80, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Pringle", "s": "PRINGLE", "r": [ 82, 80 ], "tot": 162, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Anderson was two behind at halfway and turned it round with a 37 on the third loop.", "The win began Anderson's run of three straight titles (1877-79)." ], "note": "R&A gives only the month (April); day from Golf Compendium.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1877; 1878; 1879", "majors": 3, "ru": "1873; 1881", "death": "1905" } }, "1878": { "ed": 18, "d": [ "1878-10-04", "1878-10-04" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Jamie Anderson", "s": "ANDERSON", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 36, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 53, 53, 51 ], "tot": 157, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jamie Anderson", "J.O.F. Morris" ], "leadSc": 106, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Kirk", "s": "KIRK", "r": [ 53, 55, 51 ], "tot": 159, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John Ball", 165 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": null, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Anderson holed in one at the 11th (the Short Hole) in the final round, reportedly after re-teeing when a spectator said he was outside the tee markers.", "Kirk's long putt on the last to tie lipped out; 16-year-old English amateur John Ball finished tied 4th." ], "note": "Purse 'not known' per R&A.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Jamie Anderson", "h": 11, "rd": 3, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1877; 1878; 1879", "majors": 3, "ru": "1873; 1881", "death": "1905" } }, "1879": { "ed": 19, "d": [ "1879-09-27", "1879-09-27" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Jamie Anderson", "s": "ANDERSON", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 37, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 84, 85 ], "tot": 169, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jamie Anderson" ], "leadSc": 84, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 2", "ru": [ { "n": "Andrew Kirkaldy", "s": "KIRKALDY", "r": [ 86, 86 ], "tot": 172, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Jamie Allan", "s": "ALLAN", "r": [ 88, 84 ], "tot": 172, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 47.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Anderson completed three straight Opens, a feat since matched only by Bob Ferguson and Peter Thomson.", "His 169 was seven better than the 176 that Martin and Strath had tied on at St Andrews in 1876." ], "note": "Purse R&A £47 vs Wikipedia £45. Low amateur unknown: A.W. Smith 180 (Golf Compendium) vs 190 (R&A).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1877; 1878; 1879", "majors": 3, "ru": "1873; 1881", "death": "1905" } }, "1880": { "ed": 20, "d": [ "1880-04-09", "1880-04-09" ], "course": "Musselburgh Links (9-hole)", "town": "Musselburgh", "country": "Scotland", "v": "musselburgh", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Bob Ferguson", "s": "FERGUSON", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Musselburgh, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 81, 81 ], "tot": 162, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bob Ferguson" ], "leadSc": 81, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Peter Paxton", "s": "PAXTON", "r": [ 84, 83 ], "tot": 167, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": null, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Ferguson took 8 at the 2nd after his ball came off the road and rebounded off a telegraph pole.", "The date was announced at short notice and three-time defending champion Jamie Anderson did not play." ], "note": "Andrew Kirkaldy holed in one at the 9th (R&A). Purse 'not known' per R&A.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Andrew Kirkaldy (R&A page only)", "h": 9, "rd": null, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1880; 1881; 1882", "majors": 3, "ru": "1883", "death": "1915" } }, "1881": { "ed": 21, "d": [ "1881-10-14", "1881-10-14" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club (12-hole links)", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Bob Ferguson", "s": "FERGUSON", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Musselburgh, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 53, 60, 57 ], "tot": 170, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bob Ferguson" ], "leadSc": 113, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Jamie Anderson", "s": "ANDERSON", "r": [ 57, 60, 56 ], "tot": 173, "note": "" } ], "field": 22, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 21.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "An October storm of gale-force wind, rain, sleet and snow struck that day, when almost 200 fishermen were lost at sea.", "Play started 90 minutes late while markers were found, and only eight of the 22 starters finished." ], "note": "Last Open on a 12-hole course.", "wx": { "c": "October gale with rain, sleet and snow, on the day of the Eyemouth fishing disaster", "e": "8 of 22 starters finished; start delayed 90 minutes" }, "wk": "snow", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1880; 1881; 1882", "majors": 3, "ru": "1883", "death": "1915" } }, "1882": { "ed": 22, "d": [ "1882-09-30", "1882-09-30" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Bob Ferguson", "s": "FERGUSON", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Musselburgh, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 83, 88 ], "tot": 171, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bob Ferguson" ], "leadSc": 83, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Willie Fernie", "s": "FERNIE", "r": [ 88, 86 ], "tot": 174, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Fitz Boothby", 175 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 47.25, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Ferguson's opening 83 was three strokes better than anyone else managed in either round.", "The win completed Ferguson's hat-trick (1880-82)." ], "note": "Purse R&A £47 5s vs Wikipedia £45 15s; R&A used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1880; 1881; 1882", "majors": 3, "ru": "1883", "death": "1915" } }, "1883": { "ed": 23, "d": [ "1883-11-16", "1883-11-17" ], "course": "Musselburgh Links (9-hole)", "town": "Musselburgh", "country": "Scotland", "v": "musselburgh", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Willie Fernie", "s": "FERNIE", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 28, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 75, 83 ], "tot": 158, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play (next day)", "losers": "Bob Ferguson", "scores": "Fernie 158 (81-77); Ferguson 159 (82-77)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Willie Fernie" ], "leadSc": 75, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 2", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Ferguson", "s": "FERGUSON", "r": [ 78, 80 ], "tot": 158, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off 159-158" } ], "field": 34, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "George Millar (low confidence)", 172 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Fernie took 10 at the 2nd in his final loop (long grass, a sand hole, a bunker and a whin bush) and still won.", "In the first play-off actually contested, Fernie made 2 at the last hole to Ferguson's 4 and won by one, ending Ferguson's bid for four in a row." ], "note": "Golf Compendium lists the winning score as 159 (the loser's play-off total) and says Fernie hit his tee shot to four feet; R&A says he holed a long putt. R&A used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1883", "majors": 1, "ru": "1882; 1884; 1890; 1891", "death": "1924" } }, "1884": { "ed": 24, "d": [ "1884-10-03", "1884-10-03" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Jack Simpson", "s": "SIMPSON", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Earlsferry, Scotland", "age": 24, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 78, 82 ], "tot": 160, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jack Simpson" ], "leadSc": 78, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 2", "ru": [ { "n": "Douglas Rolland", "s": "ROLLAND", "r": [ 81, 83 ], "tot": 164, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Willie Fernie", "s": "FERNIE", "r": [ 80, 84 ], "tot": 164, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 23.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "This was the first Open on Prestwick's extended 18-hole course, which dropped the old 578-yard 1st.", "Simpson's afternoon 82 in gales was the low score of that round." ], "note": "Purse R&A £23 vs Wikipedia £20. Prestwick GC dates the 18-hole extension to 1882; R&A to 1883.", "wx": null, "wk": "gale", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1884", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1895" } }, "1885": { "ed": 25, "d": [ "1885-10-03", "1885-10-03" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Bob Martin", "s": "MARTIN", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Cupar, Scotland", "age": null, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 84, 87 ], "tot": 171, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Archie Simpson" ], "leadSc": 83, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Archie Simpson", "s": "SIMPSON", "r": [ 83, 89 ], "tot": 172, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Horace Hutchinson", 178 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 35.5, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "David Ayton took 11 at the 17th after twice playing from the road behind the green, and finished two behind.", "Martin became the first player to win two Opens at St Andrews." ], "note": "Purse R&A £35 10s vs Wikipedia £35.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1876; 1885", "majors": 2, "ru": "1875; 1887", "death": "1917" } }, "1886": { "ed": 26, "d": [ "1886-11-05", "1886-11-05" ], "course": "Musselburgh Links (9-hole)", "town": "Musselburgh", "country": "Scotland", "v": "musselburgh", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "David Brown", "s": "BROWN", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Musselburgh, Scotland", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 79, 78 ], "tot": 157, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Campbell", "John Lambert" ], "leadSc": 78, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Willie Campbell", "s": "CAMPBELL", "r": [ 78, 81 ], "tot": 159, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John E. Laidlay", 162 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "The champion was a little-known Musselburgh slater by trade.", "Brown later emigrated to America and lost the 1903 US Open play-off to Willie Anderson." ], "note": "Date medium confidence: Golf Compendium body text reads 'Nov. 5, 1888' (typo).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1886", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1936" } }, "1887": { "ed": 27, "d": [ "1887-09-16", "1887-09-16" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Willie Park Jr", "s": "PARK", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Musselburgh, Scotland", "age": 23, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 82, 79 ], "tot": 161, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Campbell" ], "leadSc": 77, "def": 5, "wst": "5 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Martin", "s": "MARTIN", "r": [ 81, 81 ], "tot": 162, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John E. Laidlay", 166 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Leader Willie Campbell topped his drive at the 16th into a fairway bunker and took four to escape; the bunker became \"Willie Campbell's Grave\".", "Park Jr never found a bunker in 36 holes, and the Parks joined the Morrises as father-and-son champions." ], "note": "Park Jr came from 5 behind after 18 holes.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Willie Campbell", "t": "led by 4; took four to escape \"Willie Campbell's Grave\" at the 16th" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1887; 1889", "majors": 2, "ru": "1898", "death": "1925" } }, "1888": { "ed": 28, "d": [ "1888-10-06", "1888-10-06" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Jack Burns", "s": "BURNS", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 86, 85 ], "tot": 171, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Campbell" ], "leadSc": 84, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "David Anderson Jr", "s": "ANDERSON", "r": [ 86, 86 ], "tot": 172, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Ben Sayers", "s": "SAYERS", "r": [ 85, 87 ], "tot": 172, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Leslie Balfour Melville", 175 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 20.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "An R&A member checking the cards found that Burns's morning outward half was 46, not the 47 written down, which turned an apparent tie into a one-stroke win.", "David Anderson Jr was the first player to break 40 on the inward half." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "scorecard error", "o": "an R&A member's re-addition turned a tie into Burns's one-stroke win" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1888", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1927" } }, "1889": { "ed": 29, "d": [ "1889-11-08", "1889-11-11" ], "course": "Musselburgh Links (9-hole)", "town": "Musselburgh", "country": "Scotland", "v": "musselburgh", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Willie Park Jr", "s": "PARK", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Musselburgh, Scotland", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 78, 77 ], "tot": 155, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play (following Monday)", "losers": "Andrew Kirkaldy", "scores": "Park 158 (82-76); Kirkaldy 163 (85-78)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Andrew Kirkaldy" ], "leadSc": 77, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Andrew Kirkaldy", "s": "KIRKALDY", "r": [ 77, 78 ], "tot": 155, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off 163-158" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John E. Laidlay", 162 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 22.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In the November gloom, players not finished after three loops were paid five shillings to withdraw, and late finishers played by street light.", "Park's putt for a 2 at the last stopped on the lip, which forced the 36-hole play-off in the last Open at Musselburgh." ], "note": "Last Open at Musselburgh; the Honourable Company moved to Muirfield.", "wx": { "c": "November gloom", "e": "players paid 5s to withdraw; late finishers played by street light" }, "wk": "gloom", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1887; 1889", "majors": 2, "ru": "1898", "death": "1925" } }, "1890": { "ed": 30, "d": [ "1890-09-11", "1890-09-11" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "John Ball", "s": "BALL", "nat": "England", "born": "Hoylake, England", "age": 28, "am": true, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 82, 82 ], "tot": 164, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Andrew Kirkaldy" ], "leadSc": 81, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Archie Simpson", "s": "SIMPSON", "r": [ 85, 82 ], "tot": 167, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Willie Fernie", "s": "FERNIE", "r": [ 85, 82 ], "tot": 167, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 39, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John Ball (winner)", 164 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 29.5, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Ball became the first amateur and the first Englishman to win the Open.", "Needing to play the last four holes in 20 to beat Fernie's 167, Ball took 18 (5-4-5-4)." ], "note": "Amateur winner, so no cash prize. Purse R&A £29 10s vs Wikipedia £30.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first amateur champion: John Ball" ], "firstc": [ "England" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1890", "majors": 1, "ru": "1892", "death": "1940" } }, "1891": { "ed": 31, "d": [ "1891-10-06", "1891-10-06" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host; three-club joint rotation)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 36, "w": "Hugh Kirkaldy", "s": "KIRKALDY", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 23, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 83, 83 ], "tot": 166, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Hugh Kirkaldy" ], "leadSc": 83, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Andrew Kirkaldy", "s": "KIRKALDY", "r": [ 84, 84 ], "tot": 168, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Willie Fernie", "s": "FERNIE", "r": [ 84, 84 ], "tot": 168, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 84, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Samuel Mure Fergusson", 170 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 10.0, "purse": 28.5, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Played in cold wind and driving rain, this was the last 36-hole Open, and the brothers Hugh and Andrew Kirkaldy finished first and joint second.", "Hugh's 166 set the record for an Open at St Andrews, and one of his rounds had no 6s, a first at St Andrews." ], "note": "Field 84 (63 scored + 20 NR + 1 scratched).", "wx": { "c": "cold wind and driving rain", "e": "Hugh Kirkaldy's 166 still a St Andrews record" }, "wk": "rain", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1891", "majors": 1, "ru": "1892", "death": "1897" } }, "1892": { "ed": 32, "d": [ "1892-09-22", "1892-09-23" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harold Hilton", "s": "HILTON", "nat": "England", "born": "West Kirby, England", "age": 23, "am": true, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 78, 81, 72, 74 ], "tot": 305, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "John Ball (a)" ], "leadSc": 229, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "John Ball (a)", "s": "BALL", "r": [ 75, 80, 74, 79 ], "tot": 308, "note": "T2; amateur" }, { "n": "Sandy Herd", "s": "HERD", "r": [ 77, 78, 77, 76 ], "tot": 308, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Hugh Kirkaldy", "s": "KIRKALDY", "r": [ 77, 83, 73, 75 ], "tot": 308, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 60, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Harold Hilton (winner)", 305 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 110.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "This was the first Open played over 72 holes and the first held at Muirfield, which the Honourable Company had opened only nine months earlier.", "Hilton was seven shots behind the halfway leader, amateur Horace Hutchinson, then shot a third-round 72, the best of the day, to get within two." ], "note": "Amateur winner, no cash (Wikipedia: £35 first prize withheld). R&A marks 4 players 'missed cut' although no cut existed.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first 72-hole Open: Muirfield" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1892; 1897", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "1942" } }, "1893": { "ed": 33, "d": [ "1893-08-31", "1893-09-01" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Willie Auchterlonie", "s": "AUCHTERLONIE", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 21, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 78, 81, 81, 82 ], "tot": 322, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Auchterlonie" ], "leadSc": 240, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Johnny Laidlay (a)", "s": "LAIDLAY", "r": [ 80, 83, 80, 81 ], "tot": 324, "note": "amateur" } ], "field": 72, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Johnny Laidlay", 324 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 30.0, "purse": 100.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Auchterlonie went onto the railway line in the second round and took an 8, yet still won at age 21.", "The first day at Prestwick was played in rain that The Field said fell \"in the most pitiless fashion from morn to eve\"." ], "note": "First prize £30 was 'greater than the entire purse just two years earlier' (R&A).", "wx": { "c": "rain \"in the most pitiless fashion from morn to eve\" (The Field)", "e": "winning 322" }, "wk": "rain", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1893", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1963" } }, "1894": { "ed": 34, "d": [ "1894-06-11", "1894-06-12" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "Royal St George's GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "nat": "England", "born": "Northam, England", "age": 23, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 84, 80, 81, 81 ], "tot": 326, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "J.H. Taylor" ], "leadSc": 245, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Douglas Rolland", "s": "ROLLAND", "r": [ 86, 79, 84, 82 ], "tot": 331, "note": "" } ], "field": 94, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Freddie Tait", 340 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 100.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Taylor became the first English professional to win, at the first Open held outside Scotland.", "Old Tom Morris entered and withdrew after scoring 100 in the third round." ], "note": "First Open in England.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first Open in England: Royal St George's" ], "firstc": [ "England (professional)" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1894; 1895; 1900; 1909; 1913", "majors": 5, "ru": "1896; 1904; 1905; 1906; 1907; 1914", "death": "1963" } }, "1895": { "ed": 35, "d": [ "1895-06-12", "1895-06-13" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "nat": "England", "born": "Northam, England", "age": 24, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 86, 78, 80, 78 ], "tot": 322, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Sandy Herd" ], "leadSc": 241, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Sandy Herd", "s": "HERD", "r": [ 82, 77, 82, 85 ], "tot": 326, "note": "" } ], "field": 76, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "James Robb", 340 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 100.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Taylor became the first Englishman to win at St Andrews, in its first 72-hole Open.", "His closing 78 in wind and rain was the best round of the day; no one else broke 82." ], "note": "Field: R&A lists 76 vs Wikipedia 73; R&A used.", "wx": { "c": "wind and rain on the final day", "e": "Taylor's closing 78 the best of the day; nobody else broke 82" }, "wk": "rain", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1894; 1895; 1900; 1909; 1913", "majors": 5, "ru": "1896; 1904; 1905; 1906; 1907; 1914", "death": "1963" } }, "1896": { "ed": 36, "d": [ "1896-06-10", "1896-06-13" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "nat": "Jersey", "born": "Grouville, Jersey", "age": 26, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 83, 78, 78, 77 ], "tot": 316, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play", "losers": "J.H. Taylor", "scores": "Vardon 157 (78-79); Taylor 161 (80-81)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Sandy Herd" ], "leadSc": 235, "def": 4, "wst": "4 behind (T5)", "ru": [ { "n": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "r": [ 77, 78, 81, 80 ], "tot": 316, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off" } ], "field": 65, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Freddie Tait", 319 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 100.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "The 36-hole playoff was delayed a day because both Vardon and Taylor had entered a tournament at nearby North Berwick.", "Old Tom Morris played his 34th and final Open and withdrew after failing to break 100 in any of his first three rounds." ], "note": "Field: R&A 65 vs Wikipedia 63. Vardon was 11 behind after 18 holes (R&A comebacks list).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Jersey" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 6, "years": "1896; 1898; 1899; 1903; 1911; 1914", "majors": 7, "ru": "1900; 1901; 1902; 1912", "death": "1937" } }, "1897": { "ed": 37, "d": [ "1897-05-19", "1897-05-20" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "Royal Liverpool GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harold Hilton", "s": "HILTON", "nat": "England", "born": "West Kirby, England", "age": 28, "am": true, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 80, 75, 84, 75 ], "tot": 314, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "James Braid" ], "leadSc": 236, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "r": [ 80, 74, 82, 79 ], "tot": 315, "note": "" } ], "field": 88, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Harold Hilton (winner)", 314 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 100.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Braid needed a 3 at the 18th to tie, but his approach ran 20 feet past and he missed the return putt.", "While Braid finished, the amateur Hilton calmed his nerves by playing billiards in the clubhouse." ], "note": "Last Open with no qualifying and no cut (Golf Compendium). Amateur winner, no cash.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1892; 1897", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "1942" } }, "1898": { "ed": 38, "d": [ "1898-06-08", "1898-06-09" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "nat": "Jersey", "born": "Grouville, Jersey", "age": 28, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 79, 75, 77, 76 ], "tot": 307, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Willie Park Jr" ], "leadSc": 229, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Willie Park Jr", "s": "PARK", "r": [ 76, 75, 78, 79 ], "tot": 308, "note": "" } ], "field": 76, "made": 41, "cut": 170, "len": null, "la": [ "Harold Hilton", 309 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 100.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "This Championship saw the first 36-hole cut in Open history.", "Park missed a putt of about four feet on the 72nd green to tie; he later said spectators gave him wrong information about Vardon's score." ], "note": "made_cut = players who started round 3 (41); Wikipedia's 43 adds two inside the cut who did not start.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first 36-hole cut: \"the birth of the cut line\"" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 6, "years": "1896; 1898; 1899; 1903; 1911; 1914", "majors": 7, "ru": "1900; 1901; 1902; 1912", "death": "1937" } }, "1899": { "ed": 39, "d": [ "1899-06-07", "1899-06-08" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "Royal St George's GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "nat": "Jersey", "born": "Grouville, Jersey", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 76, 76, 81, 77 ], "tot": 310, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Harry Vardon" ], "leadSc": 233, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Jack White", "s": "WHITE", "r": [ 79, 79, 82, 75 ], "tot": 315, "note": "" } ], "field": 98, "made": 36, "cut": 175, "len": null, "la": [ "Freddie Tait", 324 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 100.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Vardon became the first three-time champion since Bob Ferguson in 1882.", "He was the first player in the 72-hole era to lead or share the lead after every round." ], "note": "'Of the record 98 starting field, only 36 played the next day' (R&A).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 6, "years": "1896; 1898; 1899; 1903; 1911; 1914", "majors": 7, "ru": "1900; 1901; 1902; 1912", "death": "1937" } }, "1900": { "ed": 40, "d": [ "1900-06-06", "1900-06-07" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "nat": "England", "born": "Northam, England", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 79, 77, 78, 75 ], "tot": 309, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 8, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "J.H. Taylor" ], "leadSc": 234, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 6", "ru": [ { "n": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "r": [ 79, 81, 80, 77 ], "tot": 317, "note": "" } ], "field": 81, "made": 37, "cut": 175, "len": null, "la": [ "Robert Maxwell", 329 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Taylor won by eight strokes, and the Great Triumvirate finished 1-2-3 (Taylor, Vardon, Braid).", "Taylor's closing 75 was the best score yet in an Open on the Old Course, played before what RA calls the largest gallery ever seen at The Open." ], "note": "Purse R&A £125 vs Wikipedia £115 (R&A likely includes the gold medal). One R&A leaderboard line (Greig 177) is probably a transcription error.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1894; 1895; 1900; 1909; 1913", "majors": 5, "ru": "1896; 1904; 1905; 1906; 1907; 1914", "death": "1963" } }, "1901": { "ed": 41, "d": [ "1901-06-05", "1901-06-06" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Earlsferry, Scotland", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 79, 76, 74, 80 ], "tot": 309, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "James Braid" ], "leadSc": 229, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 5", "ru": [ { "n": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "r": [ 77, 78, 79, 78 ], "tot": 312, "note": "" } ], "field": 100, "made": 36, "cut": 175, "len": null, "la": [ "Harold Hilton", 320 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Braid hooked his opening drive of the Championship over a wall and out of bounds.", "On his approach to the 72nd hole his club shaft snapped, yet the ball still reached the green about 200 yards away and he made 4." ], "note": "Wikipedia made_cut infobox 38 vs text 36; R&A count 36 used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1901; 1905; 1906; 1908; 1910", "majors": 5, "ru": "1897; 1902; 1904; 1909", "death": "1950" } }, "1902": { "ed": 42, "d": [ "1902-06-04", "1902-06-05" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "Royal Liverpool GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Sandy Herd", "s": "HERD", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 34, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 77, 76, 73, 81 ], "tot": 307, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Sandy Herd" ], "leadSc": 226, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "r": [ 78, 76, 80, 74 ], "tot": 308, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "r": [ 72, 77, 80, 79 ], "tot": 308, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 86, "made": 41, "cut": 168, "len": null, "la": [ "Robert Maxwell", 309 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Herd won with the new rubber-cored Haskell ball, which he first tried in a practice round with John Ball; after his win everyone began using it.", "Needing a 4 at the last to tie, Vardon saw his putt stop on the lip of the hole." ], "note": "Field: R&A lists 86 vs Wikipedia 112; R&A used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Daniel Brown", "h": 11, "rd": 1, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1902", "majors": 1, "ru": "1892; 1895; 1910; 1920", "death": "1944" } }, "1903": { "ed": 43, "d": [ "1903-06-10", "1903-06-11" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "nat": "Jersey", "born": "Grouville, Jersey", "age": 33, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 77, 72, 78 ], "tot": 300, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Harry Vardon" ], "leadSc": 222, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 7", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "r": [ 76, 81, 75, 74 ], "tot": 306, "note": "winner's brother" } ], "field": 124, "made": 59, "cut": 169, "len": null, "la": [ "Robert Maxwell", 318 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Harry and Tom Vardon finished first and second, the third pair of brothers to do so.", "Harry Vardon's 300 broke the Championship record by five strokes." ], "note": "Vardon led by 7 after 54 holes.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 6, "years": "1896; 1898; 1899; 1903; 1911; 1914", "majors": 7, "ru": "1900; 1901; 1902; 1912", "death": "1937" } }, "1904": { "ed": 44, "d": [ "1904-06-08", "1904-06-10" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "Royal St George's GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Jack White", "s": "WHITE", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Whitekirk, Scotland", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 80, 75, 72, 69 ], "tot": 296, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "James Braid" ], "leadSc": 226, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "r": [ 77, 80, 69, 71 ], "tot": 297, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "r": [ 77, 78, 74, 68 ], "tot": 297, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 143, "made": 47, "cut": 168, "len": null, "la": [ "John Graham Jr.", 310 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Braid became the first player to break 70 in The Open, a third-round 69 that went out in 31.", "Taylor closed with a record 68 but finished one behind White, whose 296 was the first winning total under 300." ], "note": "Field: R&A 143 vs Wikipedia 144. Three-day event because of the large field.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first round under 70 / first total under 300: Braid 69; White 296" ], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1904", "majors": 1, "ru": "1899", "death": "1949" } }, "1905": { "ed": 45, "d": [ "1905-06-07", "1905-06-09" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Earlsferry, Scotland", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 81, 78, 78, 81 ], "tot": 318, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "James Braid" ], "leadSc": 237, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 6", "ru": [ { "n": "Rowland Jones", "s": "JONES", "r": [ 81, 77, 87, 78 ], "tot": 323, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "r": [ 80, 85, 78, 80 ], "tot": 323, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 148, "made": 43, "cut": 172, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Braid went onto the railway line at the 15th and 16th in the final round and took 6 on each.", "Players disliked the Old Course's new pot bunkers and called them \"spittoons\"." ], "note": "Low amateur unknown (Wikipedia: John Graham Jr. the only amateur to make the cut).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1901; 1905; 1906; 1908; 1910", "majors": 5, "ru": "1897; 1902; 1904; 1909", "death": "1950" } }, "1906": { "ed": 46, "d": [ "1906-06-13", "1906-06-15" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Earlsferry, Scotland", "age": 36, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "open entry (no qualifying)", "cad": null, "r": [ 77, 76, 74, 73 ], "tot": 300, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "J.H. Taylor" ], "leadSc": 224, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "r": [ 77, 72, 75, 80 ], "tot": 304, "note": "Golf Compendium" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John Graham Jr.", 306 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Amateur John Graham Jr. led after the first round with a 71 and finished fourth.", "Braid's closing 73 was one of only two final rounds under 77, overturning Taylor's three-stroke lead." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "John Johnston", "h": 14, "rd": 2, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1901; 1905; 1906; 1908; 1910", "majors": 5, "ru": "1897; 1902; 1904; 1909", "death": "1950" } }, "1907": { "ed": 47, "d": [ "1907-06-20", "1907-06-21" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "Royal Liverpool GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Arnaud Massy", "s": "MASSY", "nat": "France", "born": "Biarritz, France", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": "qualifier", "cad": null, "r": [ 76, 81, 78, 77 ], "tot": 312, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "J.H. Taylor" ], "leadSc": 234, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "r": [ 79, 79, 76, 80 ], "tot": 314, "note": "" } ], "field": 67, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John Graham Jr.", 326 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Massy became the first overseas champion, and the first Open requiring every competitor to qualify.", "Massy's wife had given birth that week; he named the baby Margot Hoylake after the win." ], "note": "First non-British champion. Qualifying replaced the cut: 'the leading 67 teed off' (R&A).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "qualifying compulsory: \"the leading 67 teed off\"" ], "firstc": [ "France" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1907", "majors": 1, "ru": "1911", "death": "1950" } }, "1908": { "ed": 48, "d": [ "1908-06-18", "1908-06-19" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Earlsferry, Scotland", "age": 38, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 70, 72, 77, 72 ], "tot": 291, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 8, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "James Braid" ], "leadSc": 219, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 6", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Ball", "s": "BALL", "r": [ 76, 73, 76, 74 ], "tot": 299, "note": "" } ], "field": 65, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John Ball", 311 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Braid took an 8 at the 3rd in round three after going out of bounds from the Cardinal bunker.", "He still won by eight, and his 291 set a new Championship record." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1901; 1905; 1906; 1908; 1910", "majors": 5, "ru": "1897; 1902; 1904; 1909", "death": "1950" } }, "1909": { "ed": 49, "d": [ "1909-06-10", "1909-06-11" ], "course": "Royal Cinque Ports Golf Club", "town": "Deal", "country": "England", "v": "deal", "org": "Royal Cinque Ports GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "nat": "England", "born": "Northam, England", "age": 38, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 74, 73, 74, 74 ], "tot": 295, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "J.H. Taylor" ], "leadSc": 221, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Ball", "s": "BALL", "r": [ 74, 75, 76, 76 ], "tot": 301, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "r": [ 79, 75, 73, 74 ], "tot": 301, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 69, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Edward (Bertie) Lassen", 308 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 50.0, "purse": 125.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 16th, after a poor drive into rough, Taylor hit a bold brassie onto the green for a 4.", "Taylor won by six for his fourth title, in the first Open held at Royal Cinque Ports, Deal." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1894; 1895; 1900; 1909; 1913", "majors": 5, "ru": "1896; 1904; 1905; 1906; 1907; 1914", "death": "1963" } }, "1910": { "ed": 50, "d": [ "1910-06-21", "1910-06-24" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "R&A (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "James Braid", "s": "BRAID", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Earlsferry, Scotland", "age": 40, "am": false, "tn": 5, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 76, 73, 74, 76 ], "tot": 299, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "George Duncan" ], "leadSc": 221, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Sandy Herd", "s": "HERD", "r": [ 78, 74, 75, 76 ], "tot": 303, "note": "" } ], "field": 152, "made": 58, "cut": 161, "len": null, "la": [ "John Ball", 314 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 135.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "A thunderstorm flooded the course on the first day and voided all scores; Braid kept playing after being told at the 13th, in case the news was wrong.", "Third-round leader George Duncan shot 83 and fell to third as Braid won his fifth title." ], "note": "Start date 06-21 was washed out; scoring ran 22-24 June.", "wx": { "c": "thunderstorm flooded the course on day one", "e": "all first-day scores voided; Championship ran 22–24 June" }, "wk": "storm", "coll": [ { "p": "George Duncan", "t": "third-round leader; closed with 83" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1901; 1905; 1906; 1908; 1910", "majors": 5, "ru": "1897; 1902; 1904; 1909", "death": "1950" } }, "1911": { "ed": 51, "d": [ "1911-06-26", "1911-06-30" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "Royal St George's GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "nat": "Jersey", "born": "Grouville, Jersey", "age": 41, "am": false, "tn": 5, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 74, 74, 75, 80 ], "tot": 303, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play (conceded)", "losers": "Arnaud Massy", "scores": "Vardon 138 (74-64 through 34 holes); Massy 148 (79-69 through 34 holes)", "holes": 34 }, "lead": [ "Harry Vardon" ], "leadSc": 223, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Arnaud Massy", "s": "MASSY", "r": [ 75, 78, 74, 76 ], "tot": 303, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off (conceded)" } ], "field": 226, "made": 68, "cut": 162, "len": null, "la": [ "Harold Hilton", 304 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 135.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Massy reached the 72nd green in two and two-putted to force a playoff with Vardon.", "Ten strokes down after 34 playoff holes, Massy conceded on the 35th, saying \"I cannot play this damn game.\"" ], "note": "Field 226 stated by R&A. Massy's play-off rounds from Golf Compendium (R&A gives Vardon's lead only).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 6, "years": "1896; 1898; 1899; 1903; 1911; 1914", "majors": 7, "ru": "1900; 1901; 1902; 1912", "death": "1937" } }, "1912": { "ed": 52, "d": [ "1912-06-24", "1912-06-25" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Ted Ray", "s": "RAY", "nat": "Jersey", "born": "Grouville, Jersey", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 71, 73, 76, 75 ], "tot": 295, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Ted Ray" ], "leadSc": 220, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 5", "ru": [ { "n": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "r": [ 75, 72, 81, 71 ], "tot": 299, "note": "" } ], "field": 62, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Michael Scott", 327 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 135.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Ray became the first champion in the 72-hole era to lead outright after every round.", "Supporters lifted Ray onto their shoulders and carried him off in celebration." ], "note": "First outright wire-to-wire winner of the 72-hole era.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1912", "majors": 2, "ru": "1913; 1925", "death": "1943" } }, "1913": { "ed": 53, "d": [ "1913-06-23", "1913-06-24" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "Royal Liverpool GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "nat": "England", "born": "Northam, England", "age": 42, "am": false, "tn": 5, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 75, 77, 79 ], "tot": 304, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 8, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "J.H. Taylor" ], "leadSc": 225, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Ted Ray", "s": "RAY", "r": [ 73, 74, 81, 84 ], "tot": 312, "note": "" } ], "field": 65, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "John Graham Jr.", 318 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 135.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In the final round Taylor holed a 50-yard pitch for a 3 at the long 14th.", "Ray took an 8 at the third hole of the final round in gale-force wind, and Taylor won by eight." ], "note": "8-stroke margin ties the post-1900 record (derived from confirmed totals).", "wx": { "c": "gale-force wind in the final round", "e": "Ray took 8 at the 3rd; Taylor won by 8" }, "wk": "gale", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1894; 1895; 1900; 1909; 1913", "majors": 5, "ru": "1896; 1904; 1905; 1906; 1907; 1914", "death": "1963" } }, "1914": { "ed": 54, "d": [ "1914-06-18", "1914-06-19" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "Prestwick GC (host club; pre-1920 joint arrangement)", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Harry Vardon", "s": "VARDON", "nat": "Jersey", "born": "Grouville, Jersey", "age": 44, "am": false, "tn": 6, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 77, 78, 78 ], "tot": 306, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "J.H. Taylor" ], "leadSc": 226, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "J.H. Taylor", "s": "TAYLOR", "r": [ 74, 78, 74, 83 ], "tot": 309, "note": "" } ], "field": 100, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "James Jenkins", 315 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 135.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "A photographer broke Taylor's concentration at the 3rd hole of the final round, and he dropped a stroke.", "At the 4th Taylor found the water and took 7 to Vardon's 4, and Vardon went on to a record sixth title." ], "note": "Vardon's 6 titles remain the record. Last Open before the WWI break.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 6, "years": "1896; 1898; 1899; 1903; 1911; 1914", "majors": 7, "ru": "1900; 1901; 1902; 1912", "death": "1937" } }, "1915": { "np": "World War I" }, "1916": { "np": "World War I" }, "1917": { "np": "World War I" }, "1918": { "np": "World War I" }, "1919": { "np": "World War I" }, "1920": { "ed": 55, "d": [ "1920-06-30", "1920-07-01" ], "course": "Royal Cinque Ports Golf Club", "town": "Deal", "country": "England", "v": "deal", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "George Duncan", "s": "DUNCAN", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Methlick, Scotland", "age": 36, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 80, 80, 71, 72 ], "tot": 303, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Len Holland" ], "leadSc": 229, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (4th; 13 behind after 36)", "ru": [ { "n": "Sandy Herd", "s": "HERD", "r": [ 72, 81, 77, 75 ], "tot": 305, "note": "aged 52" } ], "field": 82, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Willie Hunter", 322 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 225.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Thirteen behind at halfway after two 80s, Duncan bought a new driver in the Exhibition Tent and shot 71 and 72 to win.", "Barred from the clubhouse as a professional, Walter Hagen parked a Daimler outside and changed his shoes in it." ], "note": "First Open under sole R&A control (Britannica dates the decision to 1919). Purse R&A £225 vs Wikipedia £200 (Wikipedia: £75 + gold medal worth £25).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Abe Mitchell", "h": 8, "rd": 2, "yd": 136 } ], "mile": [ "sole R&A control: first Open under the R&A's permanent administration" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1920", "majors": 1, "ru": "1922", "death": "1964" } }, "1921": { "ed": 56, "d": [ "1921-06-23", "1921-06-25" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Jock Hutchison", "s": "HUTCHISON", "nat": "USA (born Scotland)", "born": "St Andrews, Scotland", "age": 37, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 72, 75, 79, 70 ], "tot": 296, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play", "losers": "Roger Wethered (a)", "scores": "Hutchison 150 (74-76); Wethered 159 (77-82)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Jim Barnes", "Sandy Herd" ], "leadSc": 222, "def": 4, "wst": "4 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Roger Wethered (a)", "s": "WETHERED", "r": [ 78, 75, 72, 71 ], "tot": 296, "note": "amateur; lost 36-hole play-off" } ], "field": 85, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Roger Wethered", 296 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 225.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Hutchison made a hole-in-one at the 8th in round one, then drove the 9th green to within three inches.", "Bobby Jones, on his Open debut, tore up his card after four shots in Hill bunker at the 11th in round three." ], "note": "First American citizen to win (born St Andrews). A public subscription sent 12 US pros (11 travelled).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Jock Hutchison", "h": 8, "rd": 1, "yd": 142 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "United States (citizen)" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1921", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "1977" } }, "1922": { "ed": 57, "d": [ "1922-06-22", "1922-06-23" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Walter Hagen", "s": "HAGEN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Rochester, New York, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 76, 73, 79, 72 ], "tot": 300, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jock Hutchison" ], "leadSc": 226, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (T4)", "ru": [ { "n": "Jim Barnes", "s": "BARNES", "r": [ 75, 76, 77, 73 ], "tot": 301, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "George Duncan", "s": "DUNCAN", "r": [ 76, 75, 81, 69 ], "tot": 301, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 80, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Michael Scott", 313 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 225.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Hagen became the first US-born champion.", "Duncan's approach to the 18th ran into a dip left of the green, now called Duncan's Hollow; he took 5 and lost by one." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "United States (born)" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1922; 1924; 1928; 1929", "majors": 11, "ru": "1923", "death": "1969" } }, "1923": { "ed": 58, "d": [ "1923-06-14", "1923-06-15" ], "course": "Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Arthur Havers", "s": "HAVERS", "nat": "England", "born": "Norwich, England", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 73, 73, 76 ], "tot": 295, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Arthur Havers" ], "leadSc": 219, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Walter Hagen", "s": "HAGEN", "r": [ 76, 71, 74, 75 ], "tot": 296, "note": "" } ], "field": 88, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Robert Scott Jr.", 307 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 225.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Havers holed his bunker shot at the 72nd hole; Hagen found the same bunker and narrowly missed holing out to tie.", "Several Americans' deep-punched iron faces were ruled illegal and filed down overnight with files from the Glasgow shipyards; Sarazen then failed to qualify." ], "note": "Venue was Troon Golf Club (not Royal until 1978). Wikipedia lists a 'bogey 79', not a par.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "deep-punched iron faces on American clubs", "o": "ruled illegal and filed down overnight" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1923", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1980" } }, "1924": { "ed": 59, "d": [ "1924-06-26", "1924-06-27" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Walter Hagen", "s": "HAGEN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Rochester, New York, USA", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 77, 73, 74, 77 ], "tot": 301, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Walter Hagen", "Ernest Whitcombe" ], "leadSc": 224, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Ernest Whitcombe", "s": "WHITCOMBE", "r": [ 77, 70, 77, 78 ], "tot": 302, "note": "" } ], "field": 86, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Cyril Tolley", 314 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 225.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Told Whitcombe's total on the 12th tee, Hagen played in at level fours and holed a downhill six-footer at the last to win by one.", "J.H. Taylor finished fifth at age 53, thirty years after his first title." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1922; 1924; 1928; 1929", "majors": 11, "ru": "1923", "death": "1969" } }, "1925": { "ed": 60, "d": [ "1925-06-25", "1925-06-26" ], "course": "Prestwick Golf Club", "town": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "v": "prestwick", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Jim Barnes", "s": "BARNES", "nat": "England (US-based)", "born": "Lelant, England", "age": 39, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 70, 77, 79, 74 ], "tot": 300, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Macdonald Smith" ], "leadSc": 221, "def": 5, "wst": "5 behind (T2)", "ru": [ { "n": "Archie Compston", "s": "COMPSTON", "r": [ 76, 75, 75, 75 ], "tot": 301, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Ted Ray", "s": "RAY", "r": [ 77, 76, 75, 73 ], "tot": 301, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 83, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Robert Harris", 311 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 225.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Macdonald Smith led by five after 54 holes but needed only 78 and shot 82, including sixes at the 7th and 8th, to finish fourth.", "This was the last Open played at Prestwick, its 24th." ], "note": "Last two-day Open. Barnes nationality: Wikipedia says never a US citizen; Topend lists 'United States (nat)'.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Macdonald Smith", "t": "led by 5 after 54; needed 78, shot 82" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "J.H. Taylor", "h": 2, "rd": 2, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1925", "majors": 4, "ru": "1922", "death": "1966" } }, "1926": { "ed": 61, "d": [ "1926-06-23", "1926-06-25" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Bobby Jones", "s": "JONES", "nat": "USA", "born": "Atlanta, USA", "age": 24, "am": true, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "qualifier (regional qualifying, Sunningdale)", "cad": null, "r": [ 72, 72, 73, 74 ], "tot": 291, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Al Watrous" ], "leadSc": 215, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Al Watrous", "s": "WATROUS", "r": [ 71, 75, 69, 78 ], "tot": 293, "note": "" } ], "field": 117, "made": 52, "cut": 158, "len": null, "la": [ "Bobby Jones (winner)", 291 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 225.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 71st, Jones hit a 175-yard mashie-niblick from sandy scrub onto the green inside Watrous, who then three-putted.", "This was the first three-day Open and the first with a spectator admission fee." ], "note": "Only year of truly regional qualifying (Sunningdale, St Annes Old Links, Western Gailes). First year with qualifying and a 36-hole cut. Amateur winner, no cash.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "regional qualifying; three-day Open; admission fee: Sunningdale, St Annes Old Links, Western Gailes" ], "firstc": [], "rec": "ties", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1926; 1927; 1930", "majors": 7, "ru": "none", "death": "1971" } }, "1927": { "ed": 62, "d": [ "1927-07-13", "1927-07-15" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug", "holes": 72, "w": "Bobby Jones", "s": "JONES", "nat": "USA", "born": "Atlanta, USA", "age": 25, "am": true, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 72, 73, 72 ], "tot": 285, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bobby Jones (a)" ], "leadSc": 213, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Aubrey Boomer", "s": "BOOMER", "r": [ 76, 70, 73, 72 ], "tot": 291, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Fred Robson", "s": "ROBSON", "r": [ 76, 72, 69, 74 ], "tot": 291, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 108, "made": 53, "cut": 154, "len": null, "la": [ "Bobby Jones (winner)", 285 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 275.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Jones opened with a record 68 that included a putt of about 40 yards at the 5th, and led from start to finish.", "After his record 285 the crowd carried him shoulder-high from the 18th as he held up his \"Calamity Jane\" putter." ], "note": "Original Claret Jug put on permanent display from 1927. Amateur winner, no cash.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1926; 1927; 1930", "majors": 7, "ru": "none", "death": "1971" } }, "1928": { "ed": 63, "d": [ "1928-05-09", "1928-05-11" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Walter Hagen", "s": "HAGEN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Rochester, New York, USA", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 75, 73, 72, 72 ], "tot": 292, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Walter Hagen" ], "leadSc": 220, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Gene Sarazen", "s": "SARAZEN", "r": [ 72, 76, 73, 73 ], "tot": 294, "note": "" } ], "field": 113, "made": 52, "cut": 159, "len": null, "la": [ "Philip Perkins", 307 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 275.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Hagen holed from seven feet after a bunker shot at the 15th to protect his lead.", "The Prince of Wales, the future Edward VIII, presented the Claret Jug as club captain." ], "note": "Hagen was the first champion to receive a replica Claret Jug.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "replica Claret Jug to the winner: Walter Hagen first" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1922; 1924; 1928; 1929", "majors": 11, "ru": "1923", "death": "1969" } }, "1929": { "ed": 64, "d": [ "1929-05-08", "1929-05-10" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Walter Hagen", "s": "HAGEN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Rochester, New York, USA", "age": 36, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 75, 67, 75, 75 ], "tot": 292, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Walter Hagen" ], "leadSc": 217, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Johnny Farrell", "s": "FARRELL", "r": [ 72, 75, 76, 75 ], "tot": 298, "note": "" } ], "field": 109, "made": 63, "cut": 157, "len": null, "la": [ "Philip Perkins", 312 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 275.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Hagen's second-round 67 was the first 67 in Open history.", "The top three (Hagen, Farrell, Diegel) were the reigning holders of the other majors, an unprecedented 1-2-3." ], "note": "Golf Compendium prints Hagen's 54-hole total as 218; rounds give 217.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1922; 1924; 1928; 1929", "majors": 11, "ru": "1923", "death": "1969" } }, "1930": { "ed": 65, "d": [ "1930-06-18", "1930-06-20" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Bobby Jones", "s": "JONES", "nat": "USA", "born": "Atlanta, USA", "age": 28, "am": true, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 70, 72, 74, 75 ], "tot": 291, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Archie Compston" ], "leadSc": 215, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Leo Diegel", "s": "DIEGEL", "r": [ 74, 73, 71, 75 ], "tot": 293, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Macdonald Smith", "s": "SMITH", "r": [ 70, 77, 75, 71 ], "tot": 293, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 112, "made": 60, "cut": 158, "len": null, "la": [ "Bobby Jones (winner)", 291 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 0.0, "purse": 400.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Jones took a 7 at the 8th in the final round, calling it the \"most inexcusable hole I have ever played\".", "His bunker shot to inches at the 16th saved a 4, and the win was the second leg of his 1930 Grand Slam." ], "note": "Last amateur champion. Amateur winner, no cash.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "last amateur champion: Bobby Jones" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1926; 1927; 1930", "majors": 7, "ru": "none", "death": "1971" } }, "1931": { "ed": 66, "d": [ "1931-06-03", "1931-06-05" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tommy Armour", "s": "ARMOUR", "nat": "Scotland / USA", "born": "Edinburgh, Scotland", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 75, 77, 71 ], "tot": 296, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "José Jurado" ], "leadSc": 220, "def": 5, "wst": "5 behind (T6)", "ru": [ { "n": "José Jurado", "s": "JURADO", "r": [ 76, 71, 73, 77 ], "tot": 297, "note": "" } ], "field": 109, "made": 66, "cut": 159, "len": 6900, "la": [ "Eric McRuvie", 312 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Armour's closing 71 equalled the course record in the first Open at Carnoustie.", "Jurado drove into the burn at the 17th for a 6, then missed a nine-foot putt at the 18th to tie." ], "note": "Length: R&A narrative 'the monster 6,900-yard course' (approximate) vs Wikipedia 6,701; R&A used. Winner's prize reached £100.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1931", "majors": 3, "ru": "none", "death": "1968" } }, "1932": { "ed": 67, "d": [ "1932-06-08", "1932-06-10" ], "course": "Prince's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "princes", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Gene Sarazen", "s": "SARAZEN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Harrison, New York, USA", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Skip Daniels", "r": [ 70, 69, 70, 74 ], "tot": 283, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Gene Sarazen" ], "leadSc": 209, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Macdonald Smith", "s": "SMITH", "r": [ 71, 76, 71, 70 ], "tot": 288, "note": "" } ], "field": 110, "made": 64, "cut": 154, "len": null, "la": [ "William L. Hope", 299 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Sarazen used his newly invented sand wedge in competition for the first time.", "His 283 broke Jones's 1927 record by two, and he led outright after every round." ], "note": "Caddie Skip Daniels confirmed by Golf Digest.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1932", "majors": 7, "ru": "1928", "death": "1999" } }, "1933": { "ed": 68, "d": [ "1933-07-05", "1933-07-08" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Denny Shute", "s": "SHUTE", "nat": "USA", "born": "Cleveland, USA", "age": 28, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 73, 73, 73 ], "tot": 292, "par": 73, "tp": 0, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play", "losers": "Craig Wood", "scores": "Shute 149 (75-74); Wood 154 (78-76)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Henry Cotton", "Leo Diegel", "Syd Easterbrook", "Joe Kirkwood Sr", "Abe Mitchell" ], "leadSc": 216, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Craig Wood", "s": "WOOD", "r": [ 77, 72, 68, 75 ], "tot": 292, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off" } ], "field": 117, "made": 58, "cut": 152, "len": null, "la": [ "Jack McLean; Cyril Tolley (tie)", 298 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Needing to two-putt the 72nd to join the playoff, Leo Diegel missed the ball entirely with his second putt and finished one short.", "Shute won with four straight 73s, then won the playoff by five strokes." ], "note": "Par 73 per R&A ('equivalent to par on the Old Course at the time'). Wikipedia text says 'four' co-leaders but lists five.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Leo Diegel", "t": "missed the ball entirely on his second putt at the 72nd; missed the play-off by one" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1933", "majors": 3, "ru": "none", "death": "1974" } }, "1934": { "ed": 69, "d": [ "1934-06-27", "1934-06-29" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Henry Cotton", "s": "COTTON", "nat": "England", "born": "Holmes Chapel, England", "age": 27, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 67, 65, 72, 79 ], "tot": 283, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Henry Cotton" ], "leadSc": 204, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 10", "ru": [ { "n": "Sid Brews", "s": "BREWS", "r": [ 76, 71, 70, 71 ], "tot": 288, "note": "" } ], "field": 101, "made": 66, "cut": 153, "len": null, "la": [ "Jack McLean", 300 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Cotton's second-round 65 set a new Open record, and Dunlop named its \"65\" ball after it.", "That night Cotton put the Claret Jug in Harry Vardon's hands at his Sandwich hotel, and both men shed a tear." ], "note": "10-stroke 54-hole lead is the Open record.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "ties", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1934; 1937; 1948", "majors": 3, "ru": "none", "death": "1987" } }, "1935": { "ed": 70, "d": [ "1935-06-26", "1935-06-28" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Alf Perry", "s": "PERRY", "nat": "England", "born": "Coulsdon, England", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 75, 67, 72 ], "tot": 283, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Alf Perry" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Alf Padgham", "s": "PADGHAM", "r": [ 70, 72, 74, 71 ], "tot": 287, "note": "" } ], "field": 109, "made": 62, "cut": 153, "len": null, "la": [ "Lawson Little", 289 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Perry's third-round 67 equalled Hagen's Muirfield course record and gave him the lead.", "His 283 equalled the Open record and stood at Muirfield until Jack Nicklaus in 1966." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "ties", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1935", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1974" } }, "1936": { "ed": 71, "d": [ "1936-06-25", "1936-06-27" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Alf Padgham", "s": "PADGHAM", "nat": "England", "born": "Caterham, England", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 72, 71, 71 ], "tot": 287, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jimmy Adams", "Henry Cotton" ], "leadSc": 215, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Jimmy Adams", "s": "ADAMS", "r": [ 71, 73, 71, 73 ], "tot": 288, "note": "" } ], "field": 107, "made": 62, "cut": 156, "len": 7078, "la": [ "Bobby Locke", 294 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Padgham birdied the last from 12 feet to win by one.", "Adams needed a birdie at the 18th to tie, but his putt circled the rim and popped out." ], "note": "Hoylake at 7,078 yards was the longest Open course to that date.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1936", "majors": 1, "ru": "1935", "death": "1966" } }, "1937": { "ed": 72, "d": [ "1937-07-07", "1937-07-09" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Henry Cotton", "s": "COTTON", "nat": "England", "born": "Holmes Chapel, England", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 74, 72, 73, 71 ], "tot": 290, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Reg Whitcombe" ], "leadSc": 216, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind (3rd)", "ru": [ { "n": "Reg Whitcombe", "s": "WHITCOMBE", "r": [ 72, 70, 74, 76 ], "tot": 292, "note": "" } ], "field": 141, "made": 47, "cut": 153, "len": null, "la": [ "Bobby Locke", 304 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "The entire US Ryder Cup team played, having just beaten the hosts at Southport.", "Cotton came from three behind with a closing 71 as 54-hole leader Reg Whitcombe shot 76." ], "note": "R&A: Carnoustie 'over 7,000 yards'.", "wx": { "c": "\"incessant cold rain\"", "e": "Cotton's closing 71 won from 3 behind" }, "wk": "rain", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1934; 1937; 1948", "majors": 3, "ru": "none", "death": "1987" } }, "1938": { "ed": 73, "d": [ "1938-07-06", "1938-07-08" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Reg Whitcombe", "s": "WHITCOMBE", "nat": "England", "born": "Burnham-on-Sea, England", "age": 40, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 71, 71, 75, 78 ], "tot": 295, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Reg Whitcombe" ], "leadSc": 217, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Jimmy Adams", "s": "ADAMS", "r": [ 70, 71, 78, 78 ], "tot": 297, "note": "" } ], "field": 120, "made": 37, "cut": 148, "len": null, "la": [ "E.F. Storey", 316 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "The final-day gale ripped apart the huge Exhibition Tent, the largest ever seen at The Open.", "Alf Padgham drove the 384-yard 11th green and holed the putt for a 2." ], "note": "", "wx": { "c": "final-day gale ripped apart the Exhibition Tent", "e": "winning 295; only 37 made the cut at 148" }, "wk": "gale", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1938", "majors": 1, "ru": "1937", "death": "1957" } }, "1939": { "ed": 74, "d": [ "1939-07-05", "1939-07-07" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Dick Burton", "s": "BURTON", "nat": "England", "born": "Darwen, England", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 70, 72, 77, 71 ], "tot": 290, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "John Fallon" ], "leadSc": 215, "def": 4, "wst": "4 behind (T4)", "ru": [ { "n": "Johnny Bulla", "s": "BULLA", "r": [ 77, 71, 71, 73 ], "tot": 292, "note": "" } ], "field": 129, "made": 34, "cut": 150, "len": null, "la": [ "Jimmy Bruen", 298 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": 100.0, "purse": 500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Burton holed a 15-foot birdie putt on the 72nd green to win by two.", "Martin Pose took 8 at the Road Hole after a two-stroke penalty for grounding his club in a hazard." ], "note": "Last Open before the WWII break.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "Martin Pose grounded his club in a hazard", "o": "two-stroke penalty; 8 at the Road Hole" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1939", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1974" } }, "1940": { "np": "World War II" }, "1941": { "np": "World War II" }, "1942": { "np": "World War II" }, "1943": { "np": "World War II" }, "1944": { "np": "World War II" }, "1945": { "np": "World War II" }, "1946": { "ed": 75, "d": [ "1946-07-03", "1946-07-05" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Sam Snead", "s": "SNEAD", "nat": "USA", "born": "Ashwood, USA", "age": 34, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 71, 70, 74, 75 ], "tot": 290, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Sam Snead", "Johnny Bulla", "Dai Rees" ], "leadSc": 215, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Johnny Bulla", "s": "BULLA", "r": [ 71, 72, 72, 79 ], "tot": 294, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Bobby Locke", "s": "LOCKE", "r": [ 69, 74, 75, 76 ], "tot": 294, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 100, "made": 38, "cut": 155, "len": null, "la": [ "R.K. Bell (disputed)", 312 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 1000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Arriving by train, Snead looked out at the Old Course and said it looked like 'an old abandoned kinda place' - days later he won on it.", "On a windy final day Dai Rees and Henry Cotton both found the Swilcan Burn at the 1st; Rees shot 80, and Snead's closing 75 is, per the R&A, the highest final round by any champion since." ], "note": "Golf Compendium text says 'by one stroke' but totals give 4. Low amateur R.K. Bell 312 (GC) conflicts with Wikipedia '+24'. Cut 155 derived (Wikipedia 156; nobody scored 156). first_major unknown: no non-Wikipedia source states Snead's earlier majors.", "wx": { "c": "windy final day", "e": "Snead's closing 75 is the highest final round by a champion since (R&A)" }, "wk": "wind", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Charlie Ward", "h": 8, "rd": 2, "yd": 163 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1946", "majors": 7, "ru": "none", "death": "2002" } }, "1947": { "ed": 76, "d": [ "1947-07-02", "1947-07-04" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Fred Daly", "s": "DALY", "nat": "Northern Ireland", "born": "Portrush, Northern Ireland", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 70, 78, 72 ], "tot": 293, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Henry Cotton", "Fred Daly", "Arthur Lees", "Norman Von Nida" ], "leadSc": 221, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Reg Horne", "s": "HORNE", "r": [ 77, 74, 72, 71 ], "tot": 294, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Frank Stranahan (a)", "s": "STRANAHAN", "r": [ 71, 79, 72, 72 ], "tot": 294, "note": "T2; amateur" } ], "field": 98, "made": 39, "cut": 156, "len": null, "la": [ "Frank Stranahan", 294 ], "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 1000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Daly holed a birdie putt from 12 yards on the 18th to post 293 as the wind strengthened.", "Amateur Frank Stranahan, needing an eagle 2 at the par-4 72nd to tie, hit a 9-iron approach that stopped about a foot from the cup; Reg Horne's birdie putt at the last lipped out." ], "note": "Field: R&A lists 98 vs Wikipedia 100; R&A used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Northern Ireland" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1947", "majors": 1, "ru": "1948", "death": "1990" } }, "1948": { "ed": 77, "d": [ "1948-06-30", "1948-07-02" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Henry Cotton", "s": "COTTON", "nat": "England", "born": "Holmes Chapel, England", "age": 41, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 71, 66, 75, 72 ], "tot": 284, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Henry Cotton" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 2", "ru": [ { "n": "Fred Daly", "s": "DALY", "r": [ 72, 71, 73, 73 ], "tot": 289, "note": "" } ], "field": 97, "made": 36, "cut": 148, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "n/a (pre-1949)", "prize": null, "purse": 1000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Cotton's second-round 66 (out 33, home 33), a Muirfield record, was watched all the way round by King George VI.", "In poor weather on the final day no one broke 70; Cotton's 75-72 kept him clear and he won by five, 11 years after his previous Open title." ], "note": "Golf Compendium header gives 288 (error); scorecard, R&A and Wikipedia give 284.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Charlie Ward", "h": 13, "rd": null, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1934; 1937; 1948", "majors": 3, "ru": "none", "death": "1987" } }, "1949": { "ed": 78, "d": [ "1949-07-06", "1949-07-09" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Bobby Locke", "s": "LOCKE", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Germiston, South Africa", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 76, 68, 70 ], "tot": 283, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play", "losers": "Harry Bradshaw", "scores": "Locke 135 (67-68); Bradshaw 147 (74-73)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Bobby Locke", "Harry Bradshaw", "Max Faulkner" ], "leadSc": 213, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Harry Bradshaw", "s": "BRADSHAW", "r": [ 68, 77, 68, 70 ], "tot": 283, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off 147-135" } ], "field": 96, "made": 31, "cut": 147, "len": null, "la": [ "Frank Stranahan", 290 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 1500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In round two Bradshaw's drive at the 5th came to rest inside a broken beer bottle; unsure of the rule, he played it as it lay, moved it about 25 yards and took a 6.", "In the playoff Locke hit a 4-iron from about 200 yards to a couple of feet at the 14th for an eagle 3 while Bradshaw took 6, and Locke won by 12 strokes." ], "note": "First Silver Medal (Stranahan). Locke was the first South African major winner.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "Harry Bradshaw's ball came to rest in a broken bottle", "o": "unsure of the rule, he played it as it lay and made 6; lost the play-off" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "Silver Medal first awarded: Frank Stranahan" ], "firstc": [ "South Africa" ], "rec": "ties", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1949; 1950; 1952; 1957", "majors": 4, "ru": "1946; 1954", "death": "1987" } }, "1950": { "ed": 79, "d": [ "1950-07-05", "1950-07-07" ], "course": "Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Bobby Locke", "s": "LOCKE", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Germiston, South Africa", "age": 32, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 72, 70, 68 ], "tot": 279, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bobby Locke", "Roberto De Vicenzo", "Dai Rees" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Roberto De Vicenzo", "s": "DE VICENZO", "r": [ 72, 71, 68, 70 ], "tot": 281, "note": "R&A figure; Golf Compendium gives 73-71-68-70=282 (T2)" } ], "field": 93, "made": 35, "cut": 148, "len": null, "la": [ "Frank Stranahan", 286 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 1500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "German amateur Herman Tissies took 15 at the 123-yard 8th, the 'Postage Stamp', ricocheting between bunkers.", "With hardly any wind all week, Locke missed only two fairways in four rounds and set an Open record 279, the first successful title defence since Walter Hagen in 1929." ], "note": "Runner-up: R&A De Vicenzo 281 solo 2nd (used); Golf Compendium 282 T2 with Daly and Rees. Stranahan's closing 66 was the amateur record until 2011.", "wx": { "c": "hardly any wind all week", "e": "Locke set an Open record of 279" }, "wk": "calm", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1949; 1950; 1952; 1957", "majors": 4, "ru": "1946; 1954", "death": "1987" } }, "1951": { "ed": 80, "d": [ "1951-07-04", "1951-07-06" ], "course": "Royal Portrush Golf Club", "town": "Portrush", "country": "Northern Ireland", "v": "portrush", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Max Faulkner", "s": "FAULKNER", "nat": "England", "born": "Bexhill-on-Sea, England", "age": 34, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "\"Mad Mac\" (nickname only)", "r": [ 71, 70, 70, 74 ], "tot": 285, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Max Faulkner" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 6", "ru": [ { "n": "Antonio Cerda", "s": "CERDA", "r": [ 74, 72, 71, 70 ], "tot": 287, "note": "" } ], "field": 98, "made": 46, "cut": 154, "len": null, "la": [ "Frank Stranahan", 295 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 1700.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Faulkner, six strokes clear after 54 holes, famously signed an autograph 'Open Champion 1951' before the final round (the R&A says a boy's father asked him to add the words).", "Faulkner closed with a 74 and had to wait for Cerda to finish two shots back; he flew home that night and played in a fathers-v-sons cricket match at his son's school the next day." ], "note": "First Open outside England and Scotland. Caddie 'Mad Mac' read putts with lensless binoculars (Golf Digest summary).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first Open outside Scotland and England: Royal Portrush" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1951", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "2005" } }, "1952": { "ed": 81, "d": [ "1952-07-09", "1952-07-11" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Bobby Locke", "s": "LOCKE", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Germiston, South Africa", "age": 34, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 71, 74, 73 ], "tot": 287, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Fred Daly" ], "leadSc": 213, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind (2nd)", "ru": [ { "n": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "r": [ 68, 73, 77, 70 ], "tot": 288, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Jackie Jones", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 1700.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On the final morning Locke found the garage holding his clubs locked; a passing milkman drove him to fetch the key and he reached the 1st tee with just enough time to change his shoes.", "Fred Daly's six at the 15th ended his chance, and Thomson, six behind at the turn, birdied the 18th for 70 to finish one short." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1949; 1950; 1952; 1957", "majors": 4, "ru": "1946; 1954", "death": "1987" } }, "1953": { "ed": 82, "d": [ "1953-07-08", "1953-07-10" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Ben Hogan", "s": "HOGAN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Stephenville, USA", "age": 40, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "qualifier", "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 71, 70, 68 ], "tot": 282, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Ben Hogan", "Roberto De Vicenzo" ], "leadSc": 214, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Antonio Cerda", "s": "CERDA", "r": [ 75, 71, 69, 71 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Dai Rees", "s": "REES", "r": [ 72, 70, 73, 71 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Frank Stranahan (a)", "s": "STRANAHAN", "r": [ 70, 74, 73, 69 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2; amateur" }, { "n": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "r": [ 72, 72, 71, 71 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 91, "made": 49, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Frank Stranahan", 286 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 2500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On the par-5 6th Hogan drove down the narrow left strip between bunkers and out of bounds in all four rounds - the line now called 'Hogan's Alley'.", "In the final round Hogan chipped in from 30 feet for birdie at the 5th, saved par at 17 and birdied 18 for a course-record 68." ], "note": "Hogan's only Open, on debut. Hand-held ropes used for the first time in qualifying (R&A Journey).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1953", "majors": 9, "ru": "none", "death": "1997" } }, "1954": { "ed": 83, "d": [ "1954-07-07", "1954-07-09" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Brunswick (Melbourne), Australia", "age": 24, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 72, 71, 69, 71 ], "tot": 283, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Peter Thomson", "Dai Rees", "Syd Scott" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Bobby Locke", "s": "LOCKE", "r": [ 74, 71, 69, 70 ], "tot": 284, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Dai Rees", "s": "REES", "r": [ 72, 71, 69, 72 ], "tot": 284, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Syd Scott", "s": "SCOTT", "r": [ 76, 67, 69, 72 ], "tot": 284, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 97, "made": 50, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Peter Toogood", 291 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 3500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 16th Thomson played from a steep bunker 25 yards from the flag with feet together and eyes closed and left it inches away - 'That won it for me, no doubt.'", "Thomson bogeyed the 72nd from a greenside bunker, but Locke needed a birdie at the last to force a playoff and made par, while Rees also missed on the 72nd." ], "note": "First Open at Royal Birkdale; first Australian champion. R&A: Thomson's 1954 prize was under £875 (half of 1965's £1,750).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Australia" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1954; 1955; 1956; 1958; 1965", "majors": 5, "ru": "1952; 1953; 1957", "death": "2018" } }, "1955": { "ed": 84, "d": [ "1955-07-06", "1955-07-08" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Brunswick (Melbourne), Australia", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 71, 68, 70, 72 ], "tot": 281, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Peter Thomson" ], "leadSc": 209, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "John Fallon", "s": "FALLON", "r": [ 73, 67, 73, 70 ], "tot": 283, "note": "" } ], "field": 94, "made": 49, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Joe Conrad", 293 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 1000.0, "purse": 3750.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Thomson found the Beardies bunkers at the 14th and took a double-bogey 7, then birdied the next hole and went on to win.", "Thomson's £1,000 was the first four-figure cheque paid to an Open champion, and the BBC televised parts of the final round for the first time." ], "note": "Frank Jowle shot a record 63 on the New Course in qualifying.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": "first Open televised by the BBC (parts of the final round, St Andrews)", "aces": [], "mile": [ "first four-figure winner's cheque: Thomson, £1,000" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1954; 1955; 1956; 1958; 1965", "majors": 5, "ru": "1952; 1953; 1957", "death": "2018" } }, "1956": { "ed": 85, "d": [ "1956-07-04", "1956-07-06" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Brunswick (Melbourne), Australia", "age": 26, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 70, 70, 72, 74 ], "tot": 286, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Peter Thomson" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Flory Van Donck", "s": "VAN DONCK", "r": [ 71, 74, 70, 74 ], "tot": 289, "note": "" } ], "field": 97, "made": 49, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Joe Carr", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 3750.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Dennis Smalldon opened with a 68 to lead, then shot 79 in the second-round morning when, per the R&A, 'the conditions were at their worst'.", "Thomson and Van Donck both closed with 74s as Thomson became the first player to win three Opens in a row since the event went to 72 holes; Gary Player was fourth on his debut." ], "note": "Field: R&A lists 97 vs Wikipedia 96; R&A used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1954; 1955; 1956; 1958; 1965", "majors": 5, "ru": "1952; 1953; 1957", "death": "2018" } }, "1957": { "ed": 86, "d": [ "1957-07-03", "1957-07-05" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Bobby Locke", "s": "LOCKE", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Germiston, South Africa", "age": 39, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 72, 68, 70 ], "tot": 279, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bobby Locke" ], "leadSc": 209, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "r": [ 73, 69, 70, 70 ], "tot": 282, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Dickson (W.D.) Smith", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 3750.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On the 72nd green Locke moved his marker a putter-head to clear Bruce Crampton's line, forgot to move it back and holed a four-footer from the wrong spot; the committee ruled no advantage was gained.", "Switched from Muirfield to St Andrews because of Suez Crisis petrol rationing, it was the first Open with the leaders paired last and the final stages shown live on the BBC." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "Bobby Locke replaced his ball on the wrong spot on the 72nd green", "o": "the committee ruled no advantage was gained; the result stood" } ], "tv": "final stages shown live on the BBC for the first time; leaders paired last for the first time", "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "ties", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 4, "years": "1949; 1950; 1952; 1957", "majors": 4, "ru": "1946; 1954", "death": "1987" } }, "1958": { "ed": 87, "d": [ "1958-07-02", "1958-07-05" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Brunswick (Melbourne), Australia", "age": 28, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 66, 72, 67, 73 ], "tot": 278, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play", "losers": "Dave Thomas", "scores": "Thomson 139 (68-71); Thomas 143 (69-74)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Peter Thomson" ], "leadSc": 205, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Dave Thomas", "s": "THOMAS", "r": [ 70, 68, 69, 71 ], "tot": 278, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off 143-139" } ], "field": 96, "made": 40, "cut": 147, "len": null, "la": [ "Joe Carr", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 4850.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On the 72nd green Thomson had a putt of about 10-12 feet to win outright and missed it, setting up a tie with Thomas at a record-low 278.", "Eric Brown and Christy O'Connor both drove into the bunker off the 18th tee, costing a 6 and a 5 and missing the playoff by one, while Leopoldo Ruiz took 7 there." ], "note": "72nd-hole putt length: Golf Compendium 10 ft, R&A 12 ft.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1954; 1955; 1956; 1958; 1965", "majors": 5, "ru": "1952; 1953; 1957", "death": "2018" } }, "1959": { "ed": 88, "d": [ "1959-07-01", "1959-07-03" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Gary Player", "s": "PLAYER", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Johannesburg, South Africa", "age": 23, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 75, 71, 70, 68 ], "tot": 284, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Fred Bullock", "Sam King" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 4, "wst": "4 behind (T10)", "ru": [ { "n": "Fred Bullock", "s": "BULLOCK", "r": [ 68, 70, 74, 74 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Flory Van Donck", "s": "VAN DONCK", "r": [ 70, 70, 73, 73 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Reid Jack", 288 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 5000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Player, far back at halfway (Golf Compendium: 10 shots; R&A Journey: eight), shot 70-68 on the 36-hole final day to come through the field.", "Needing a par 4 at the 72nd for a 66, Player found a bunker and made a double-bogey 6, then waited convinced he had lost - but no one caught 284." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1959; 1968; 1974", "majors": 9, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1960": { "ed": 89, "d": [ "1960-07-06", "1960-07-09" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Kel Nagle", "s": "NAGLE", "nat": "Australia", "born": "North Sydney, Australia", "age": 39, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 67, 71, 71 ], "tot": 278, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Kel Nagle" ], "leadSc": 207, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Arnold Palmer", "s": "PALMER", "r": [ 70, 71, 70, 68 ], "tot": 279, "note": "" } ], "field": 74, "made": 47, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Guy Wolstenholme", 283 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 7000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "A torrential Friday-afternoon storm flooded the Old Course - 'water cascading down the steps of The R&A clubhouse' - and the final round was held over to Saturday.", "Standing over a crucial putt on the 17th Road Hole, Nagle heard the roar for Palmer's birdie at the 18th, holed it for a 4 and parred the last to win by one." ], "note": "Centenary Open (89th edition). Palmer had to play the 36-hole qualifier.", "wx": { "c": "torrential Friday storm, \"water cascading down the steps of The R&A clubhouse\"", "e": "final round held over to Saturday" }, "wk": "storm", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "ties", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1960", "majors": 1, "ru": "1962", "death": "2015" } }, "1961": { "ed": 90, "d": [ "1961-07-12", "1961-07-15" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Arnold Palmer", "s": "PALMER", "nat": "USA", "born": "Latrobe, USA", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Tip Anderson", "r": [ 70, 73, 69, 72 ], "tot": 284, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Arnold Palmer" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Dai Rees", "s": "REES", "r": [ 68, 74, 71, 72 ], "tot": 285, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Ronnie White (disputed)", 306 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 8500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 15th (now the 16th) Palmer gouged a 6-iron from thick rough at the base of a bush 140 yards onto the green, sending a huge divot flying.", "Gale-force wind hit round two and overnight storms swept away marquees, washing out Friday's 36 holes; the last two rounds were played Saturday, when Rees closed from four down with four to play to lose by one." ], "note": "Palmer called a penalty on himself when his ball moved in a bunker (R&A). Low amateur disputed: Ronnie White 306 (Today's Golfer) vs Norman Johnson 298 marked amateur by Golf Compendium.", "wx": { "c": "gale in round two; overnight storms swept away marquees", "e": "Friday's 36 holes washed out; two rounds played Saturday" }, "wk": "gale", "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "Arnold Palmer's ball moved in a bunker", "o": "Palmer called a penalty on himself and still won" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1961; 1962", "majors": 7, "ru": "1960", "death": "2016" } }, "1962": { "ed": 91, "d": [ "1962-07-11", "1962-07-13" ], "course": "Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Arnold Palmer", "s": "PALMER", "nat": "USA", "born": "Latrobe, USA", "age": 32, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": "qualifier", "cad": "Tip Anderson", "r": [ 71, 69, 67, 69 ], "tot": 276, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Arnold Palmer" ], "leadSc": 207, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Kel Nagle", "s": "NAGLE", "r": [ 71, 71, 70, 70 ], "tot": 282, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Charlie Green", 308 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 8500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On sun-baked, fast-running fairways Palmer kept attacking the dangerous par-5 11th beside the railway line and posted three sub-70 rounds (69-67-69) for a record 276, six clear.", "Jack Nicklaus, on his Open debut, took a 10 at the 11th and finished 34th (Golf Compendium: T32) on 305." ], "note": "Last Open without exemptions: 'Like all players, Palmer had to play two rounds of qualifying' (Golf Compendium).", "wx": { "c": "sun-baked, fast-running fairways", "e": "Palmer's record 276" }, "wk": "baked", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1961; 1962", "majors": 7, "ru": "1960", "death": "2016" } }, "1963": { "ed": 92, "d": [ "1963-07-10", "1963-07-13" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Bob Charles", "s": "CHARLES", "nat": "New Zealand", "born": "Carterton, New Zealand", "age": 27, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 72, 66, 71 ], "tot": 277, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "36-hole stroke play (last 36-hole play-off)", "losers": "Phil Rodgers", "scores": "Charles 140 (69-71); Rodgers 148 (72-76)", "holes": 36 }, "lead": [ "Bob Charles" ], "leadSc": 206, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Phil Rodgers", "s": "RODGERS", "r": [ 67, 68, 73, 69 ], "tot": 277, "note": "lost 36-hole play-off 148-140" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": null, "purse": 8500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Jack Nicklaus bogeyed the 72nd hole and missed the playoff by a single stroke on 278.", "Left-hander Charles one-putted 11 greens in the first playoff round and used 56 putts to Rodgers' 65 over 36 holes, winning by eight." ], "note": "First left-handed champion.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "exemptions introduced: 1962 was the last Open without exemptions", "first left-handed champion: Bob Charles" ], "firstc": [ "New Zealand" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1963", "majors": 1, "ru": "1968; 1969", "death": "living" } }, "1964": { "ed": 93, "d": [ "1964-07-08", "1964-07-10" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tony Lema", "s": "LEMA", "nat": "USA", "born": "Oakland, USA", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Tip Anderson", "r": [ 73, 68, 68, 70 ], "tot": 279, "par": 72, "tp": -9, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tony Lema" ], "leadSc": 209, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 7", "ru": [ { "n": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "r": [ 76, 74, 66, 68 ], "tot": 284, "note": "" } ], "field": 120, "made": 45, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 1500.0, "purse": 8500.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In 65-mph gusts in round one Lema, on caddie Tip Anderson's advice, left out his wedge and played low pitch-and-runs; in round two he drove the 12th green and holed a 30-foot putt for eagle.", "Nicklaus tied the Old Course record with a third-round 66 and closed 68, but Lema - who had played only nine practice holes - finished with a chip-and-run through the Valley of Sin to set up a closing birdie and won by five." ], "note": "Par 72 from SI Vault. Winner's prize derived: SI's $4,200 at the fixed $2.80/£ = £1,500.", "wx": { "c": "65-mph gusts in round one", "e": "Lema left out his wedge and played pitch-and-runs" }, "wk": "gale", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1964", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "1966" } }, "1965": { "ed": 94, "d": [ "1965-07-07", "1965-07-09" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Peter Thomson", "s": "THOMSON", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Brunswick (Melbourne), Australia", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 5, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 74, 68, 72, 71 ], "tot": 285, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Peter Thomson" ], "leadSc": 214, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Brian Huggett", "s": "HUGGETT", "r": [ 73, 68, 76, 70 ], "tot": 287, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Christy O'Connor Snr", "s": "SNR", "r": [ 69, 73, 74, 71 ], "tot": 287, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Michael Burgess (disputed)", 299 ], "silver": "disputed", "prize": 1750.0, "purse": 10000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Defending champion Tony Lema came within one and just missed a birdie putt on the 16th green to tie, then found a bunker with his approach to the 18th and took 6.", "In the bad weather of the final day Thomson's 71 won his fifth Claret Jug, matching James Braid and J.H. Taylor." ], "note": "Silver Medal disputed: Today's Golfer says not awarded; Golf Compendium lists amateur Michael Burgess finishing on 299.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1954; 1955; 1956; 1958; 1965", "majors": 5, "ru": "1952; 1953; 1957", "death": "2018" } }, "1966": { "ed": 95, "d": [ "1966-07-06", "1966-07-09" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Columbus, USA", "age": 26, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 70, 67, 75, 70 ], "tot": 282, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Phil Rodgers" ], "leadSc": 210, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (2nd)", "ru": [ { "n": "Doug Sanders", "s": "SANDERS", "r": [ 71, 70, 72, 70 ], "tot": 283, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Dave Thomas", "s": "THOMAS", "r": [ 72, 73, 69, 69 ], "tot": 283, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Ronnie Shade", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 15000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Level with Sanders and Thomas with two to play, Nicklaus birdied the par-5 17th and parred the 18th to win by one and complete the career Grand Slam.", "In the first Open played over four days, Doug Sanders holed a 60-yard chip for eagle at the 9th and Arnold Palmer took a 7 at the 10th." ], "note": "First four-day Open (18 holes a day).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first four-day Open: Muirfield, 18 holes a day" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1966; 1970; 1978", "majors": 18, "ru": "1964; 1967; 1968; 1972; 1976; 1977; 1979", "death": "living" } }, "1967": { "ed": 96, "d": [ "1967-07-12", "1967-07-15" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Roberto De Vicenzo", "s": "DE VICENZO", "nat": "Argentina", "born": "Villa Ballester, Argentina", "age": 44, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Willie Aitchison", "r": [ 70, 71, 67, 70 ], "tot": 278, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Roberto De Vicenzo" ], "leadSc": 208, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "r": [ 71, 69, 71, 69 ], "tot": 280, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": null, "purse": 15000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the par-5 16th, guarded by internal out of bounds, De Vicenzo hit a 3-wood over the corner of the practice ground to the heart of the green and two-putted for birdie - 'It was my greatest shot.'", "His third-round 67 matched the course record Gary Player had set moments earlier, and at 44 he became the second-oldest Open champion." ], "note": "Caddie Willie Aitchison confirmed by the R&A, Golf Digest and Golf Business News.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Sean Hunt", "h": 13, "rd": 1, "yd": null }, { "p": "John Cockin", "h": 11, "rd": 2, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Argentina" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1967", "majors": 1, "ru": "1950", "death": "2017" } }, "1968": { "ed": 97, "d": [ "1968-07-10", "1968-07-13" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Gary Player", "s": "PLAYER", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Johannesburg, South Africa", "age": 32, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 74, 71, 71, 73 ], "tot": 289, "par": null, "tp": null, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Billy Casper" ], "leadSc": 214, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (3rd)", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Charles", "s": "CHARLES", "r": [ 72, 72, 71, 76 ], "tot": 291, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "r": [ 76, 69, 73, 73 ], "tot": 291, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": 45, "cut": null, "len": 7252, "la": [ "Michael Bonallack", 300 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 20000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Into the teeth of a gale at the par-5 14th 'Spectacles' in the final round, Player hit a 3-wood to two feet for an eagle - his second straight eagle there.", "Third-round leader Billy Casper shot 78, including a 6 at the 14th, in the first Open to use a second cut after 54 holes, on the longest Open course to date (7,252 yards)." ], "note": "made_cut 45 = players surviving the first 54-hole cut. Wikipedia: past champions exempt from qualifying from 1968.", "wx": { "c": "gale in the final round", "e": "winning 289; only two sub-70 rounds all week" }, "wk": "gale", "coll": [ { "p": "Billy Casper", "t": "54-hole leader; closed with 78" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first 54-hole second cut: Carnoustie; used through 1985" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1959; 1968; 1974", "majors": 9, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1969": { "ed": 98, "d": [ "1969-07-09", "1969-07-12" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tony Jacklin", "s": "JACKLIN", "nat": "England", "born": "Scunthorpe, England", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 70, 70, 72 ], "tot": 280, "par": 71, "tp": -4, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tony Jacklin" ], "leadSc": 208, "def": 0, "wst": "led (margin unknown)", "ru": [ { "n": "Bob Charles", "s": "CHARLES", "r": [ 66, 69, 75, 72 ], "tot": 282, "note": "" } ], "field": 130, "made": 73, "cut": 151, "len": null, "la": [ "Peter Tupling", 294 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": null, "purse": 30000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Jacklin's four-shot lead shrank on the back nine with bogeys at the 15th and 17th, leaving him two ahead on the 18th tee.", "On the 18th he hit what Henry Longhurst called on TV 'What a corker' down the middle, was mobbed by the crowd (losing a shoe) and two-putted to become the first British champion since 1951." ], "note": "made_cut 73 = 36-hole cut; 46 survived the 54-hole cut.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": "Henry Longhurst's \"What a corker\" on Jacklin's 72nd-hole drive", "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1969", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1970": { "ed": 99, "d": [ "1970-07-08", "1970-07-12" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Columbus, USA", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Jimmy Dickinson", "r": [ 68, 69, 73, 73 ], "tot": 283, "par": 72, "tp": -5, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "18-hole stroke play", "losers": "Doug Sanders", "scores": "Nicklaus 72; Sanders 73", "holes": 18 }, "lead": [ "Lee Trevino" ], "leadSc": 208, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (T2)", "ru": [ { "n": "Doug Sanders", "s": "SANDERS", "r": [ 68, 71, 71, 73 ], "tot": 283, "note": "lost 18-hole play-off 73-72" } ], "field": 134, "made": 57, "cut": 149, "len": null, "la": [ "Steve Melnyk", 298 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 5250.0, "purse": 40000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Needing a par at the 72nd hole (18th) to win, Doug Sanders missed a par putt of about 2½-3 feet after stopping to pick something off his line.", "In the Sunday playoff Nicklaus took off his sweater, drove through the 18th green (about 360 yards), chipped to 8 feet and holed for a birdie 3, winning 72-73." ], "note": "First 18-hole play-off. Old Course 'always within 15 yards of 6,936 yards' 1955-95 (R&A).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Doug Sanders", "t": "missed a 2½–3-foot putt to win at the 72nd; lost the 18-hole play-off 73–72" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1966; 1970; 1978", "majors": 18, "ru": "1964; 1967; 1968; 1972; 1976; 1977; 1979", "death": "living" } }, "1971": { "ed": 100, "d": [ "1971-07-07", "1971-07-10" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Lee Trevino", "s": "TREVINO", "nat": "USA", "born": "Dallas, USA", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Willie Aitchison", "r": [ 69, 70, 69, 70 ], "tot": 278, "par": 73, "tp": -14, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Lee Trevino" ], "leadSc": 208, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Lu Liang-Huan", "s": "LIANG-HUAN", "r": [ 70, 70, 69, 70 ], "tot": 279, "note": "" } ], "field": 150, "made": 64, "cut": 151, "len": null, "la": [ "Michael Bonallack", 291 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 5500.0, "purse": 45000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Trevino went out in 31 to lead by six at the turn, then made a double-bogey 7 at the 17th (71st hole), which cut his lead to one.", "At the 18th Lu's second shot hit a woman spectator on the head. Both Lu and Trevino birdied the last, and Lu finished second." ], "note": "100th Open.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Lionel Platts", "h": 4, "rd": 2, "yd": 212 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1971; 1972", "majors": 6, "ru": "1980", "death": "living" } }, "1972": { "ed": 101, "d": [ "1972-07-12", "1972-07-15" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Lee Trevino", "s": "TREVINO", "nat": "USA", "born": "Dallas, USA", "age": 32, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Willie Aitchison", "r": [ 71, 70, 66, 71 ], "tot": 278, "par": 71, "tp": -6, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Lee Trevino" ], "leadSc": 207, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "r": [ 70, 72, 71, 66 ], "tot": 279, "note": "" } ], "field": 153, "made": 64, "cut": 152, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 5500.0, "purse": 50000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the par-5 17th in the final round, Trevino was off the green in four and chipped in for a par. Jacklin then three-putted for bogey and lost the lead.", "Nicklaus, chasing a third straight major of 1972, closed with a 66 to post 279 and finished one short." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Brian Barnes", "h": 4, "rd": 1, "yd": null } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1971; 1972", "majors": 6, "ru": "1980", "death": "living" } }, "1973": { "ed": 102, "d": [ "1973-07-11", "1973-07-14" ], "course": "Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tom Weiskopf", "s": "WEISKOPF", "nat": "USA", "born": "Massillon, USA", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 67, 71, 70 ], "tot": 276, "par": 72, "tp": -12, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Weiskopf" ], "leadSc": 206, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Johnny Miller", "s": "MILLER", "r": [ 70, 68, 69, 72 ], "tot": 279, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Neil Coles", "s": "COLES", "r": [ 71, 72, 70, 66 ], "tot": 279, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 153, "made": 60, "cut": 152, "len": null, "la": [ "Danny Edwards", 296 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 5500.0, "purse": 50000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Gene Sarazen, aged 71, holed in one with a 5-iron at the 8th (the Postage Stamp) in his farewell Open, and the next day holed from a bunker there for a 2.", "Weiskopf led wire-to-wire, making three birdies in the first 11 holes of his closing round, and his 276 equalled Arnold Palmer's Open record set at Troon." ], "note": "Venue still 'Troon' (Royal from 1978).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "David J. Russell (a)", "h": 8, "rd": 1, "yd": 126 }, { "p": "Gene Sarazen (aged 71)", "h": 8, "rd": 1, "yd": 126 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": "ties", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1973", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "2022" } }, "1974": { "ed": 103, "d": [ "1974-07-10", "1974-07-13" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Gary Player", "s": "PLAYER", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Johannesburg, South Africa", "age": 38, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 68, 75, 70 ], "tot": 282, "par": 71, "tp": -2, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Gary Player" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Peter Oosterhuis", "s": "OOSTERHUIS", "r": [ 71, 71, 73, 71 ], "tot": 286, "note": "" } ], "field": 154, "made": 60, "cut": 156, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 5500.0, "purse": 50000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "As Oosterhuis threatened, Player chipped in from the back of the 13th green for a birdie.", "Player lost his ball for a while in the rough at the 17th, and at the 18th he putted left-handed with his ball inches from the clubhouse wall. This was the first Open in which the larger 1.68-inch ball was compulsory." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "David Graham", "h": 1, "rd": 3, "yd": 206 } ], "mile": [ "larger 1.68-inch ball compulsory: Royal Lytham" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1959; 1968; 1974", "majors": 9, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1975": { "ed": 104, "d": [ "1975-07-09", "1975-07-13" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tom Watson", "s": "WATSON", "nat": "USA", "born": "Kansas City, USA", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Alfie Fyles", "r": [ 71, 67, 69, 72 ], "tot": 279, "par": 72, "tp": -9, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "18-hole stroke play (last 18-hole play-off)", "losers": "Jack Newton", "scores": "Watson 71; Newton 72", "holes": 18 }, "lead": [ "Bobby Cole" ], "leadSc": 204, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Jack Newton", "s": "NEWTON", "r": [ 69, 71, 65, 74 ], "tot": 279, "note": "lost 18-hole play-off 72-71" } ], "field": 153, "made": 63, "cut": 149, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 7500.0, "purse": 75000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Jack Newton set a Carnoustie course record of 65 in the third round, and Bobby Cole led after 54 holes.", "In the playoff Watson eagled the 14th to take the lead. At the 18th Newton bunkered his approach and missed a par putt from about 18-20 feet, and Watson's par won 71-72." ], "note": "Last 18-hole play-off. Watson won on his Open debut.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1975; 1977; 1980; 1982; 1983", "majors": 8, "ru": "1984; 2009", "death": "living" } }, "1976": { "ed": 105, "d": [ "1976-07-07", "1976-07-10" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Johnny Miller", "s": "MILLER", "nat": "USA", "born": "San Francisco, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 72, 68, 73, 66 ], "tot": 279, "par": 72, "tp": -9, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Seve Ballesteros" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (2nd)", "ru": [ { "n": "Seve Ballesteros", "s": "BALLESTEROS", "r": [ 69, 69, 73, 74 ], "tot": 285, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "r": [ 74, 70, 72, 69 ], "tot": 285, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 155, "made": 66, "cut": 152, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 7500.0, "purse": 75000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In the final round, 19-year-old 54-hole leader Ballesteros double-bogeyed the 6th and triple-bogeyed the 11th, while Miller eagled the 13th on his way to a closing 66.", "Ballesteros eagled the 17th, then played a chip-and-run between two bunkers at the 18th to tie Nicklaus for second." ], "note": "Defending champion Watson missed the cut.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Seve Ballesteros", "t": "19-year-old 54-hole leader; double at the 6th, triple at the 11th" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Peter Dawson", "h": 4, "rd": 3, "yd": 206 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1976", "majors": 2, "ru": "1973", "death": "living" } }, "1977": { "ed": 106, "d": [ "1977-07-06", "1977-07-09" ], "course": "Turnberry (Ailsa Course)", "town": "Turnberry", "country": "Scotland", "v": "turnberry", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tom Watson", "s": "WATSON", "nat": "USA", "born": "Kansas City, USA", "age": 27, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Alfie Fyles", "r": [ 68, 70, 65, 65 ], "tot": 268, "par": 70, "tp": -12, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jack Nicklaus", "Tom Watson" ], "leadSc": 203, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "r": [ 68, 70, 65, 66 ], "tot": 269, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 64, "cut": 150, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 10000.0, "purse": 100000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In the \"Duel in the Sun\" final round, Watson holed a 60-foot putt at the 15th to draw level, then birdied the 17th (where Nicklaus missed a 4-footer) to lead for the first time.", "At the 18th Watson hit a 7-iron to 2 feet. Nicklaus, from the rough, holed a 35-40-foot birdie putt, and Watson tapped in for 65-65 and a record 268. Mark Hayes had shot the Open's first 63 in round 2." ], "note": "First Open at Turnberry. Winner's £10,000 confirmed by R&A.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Hubert Green", "h": 4, "rd": 2, "yd": 167 }, { "p": "Martin Foster", "h": 15, "rd": 4, "yd": 209 } ], "mile": [ "first 63: Mark Hayes" ], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1975; 1977; 1980; 1982; 1983", "majors": 8, "ru": "1984; 2009", "death": "living" } }, "1978": { "ed": 107, "d": [ "1978-07-12", "1978-07-15" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Columbus, USA", "age": 38, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Jimmy Dickinson", "r": [ 71, 72, 69, 69 ], "tot": 281, "par": 72, "tp": -7, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Peter Oosterhuis", "Tom Watson" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Ben Crenshaw", "s": "CRENSHAW", "r": [ 70, 69, 73, 71 ], "tot": 283, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Raymond Floyd", "s": "FLOYD", "r": [ 69, 75, 71, 68 ], "tot": 283, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Tom Kite", "s": "KITE", "r": [ 72, 69, 72, 70 ], "tot": 283, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Simon Owen", "s": "OWEN", "r": [ 70, 75, 67, 71 ], "tot": 283, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 155, "made": 63, "cut": 148, "len": 6933, "la": [ "Peter McEvoy", 293 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 12500.0, "purse": 125000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In round 3, Tommy Nakajima putted into the Road Hole Bunker at the 17th and took a 9, which gave rise to the name \"Sands of Nakajima\".", "In the final round Simon Owen chipped in at the 15th to lead, then a birdie by Nicklaus and a three-putt bogey by Owen at the 16th made a two-shot swing that decided it." ], "note": "made_cut 63 (R&A count) vs Wikipedia 64. Winner's prize: Wikipedia infobox £12,500 vs leaderboard £17,500; £12,500 used (TGNN).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1966; 1970; 1978", "majors": 18, "ru": "1964; 1967; 1968; 1972; 1976; 1977; 1979", "death": "living" } }, "1979": { "ed": 108, "d": [ "1979-07-18", "1979-07-21" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Seve Ballesteros", "s": "BALLESTEROS", "nat": "Spain", "born": "Pedreña, Spain", "age": 22, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Dave Musgrove", "r": [ 73, 65, 75, 70 ], "tot": 283, "par": 71, "tp": -1, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Hale Irwin" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (2nd)", "ru": [ { "n": "Ben Crenshaw", "s": "CRENSHAW", "r": [ 72, 71, 72, 71 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Jack Nicklaus", "s": "NICKLAUS", "r": [ 72, 69, 73, 72 ], "tot": 286, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 152, "made": 61, "cut": 152, "len": null, "la": [ "Peter McEvoy", 294 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 15000.0, "purse": 155000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 16th in the final round, Ballesteros drove into an overflow car park, took a free drop, pitched onto the green and holed a 20-foot birdie putt (the \"car park champion\").", "Crenshaw double-bogeyed the 17th, and Ballesteros won by three despite hitting only one of nine fairways with his driver in the final round." ], "note": "R&A text says Irwin led by one after 54 but its own totals give two; 2 used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Jack Nicklaus", "h": 5, "rd": 1, "yd": 212 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Spain" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1979; 1984; 1988", "majors": 5, "ru": "1976", "death": "2011" } }, "1980": { "ed": 109, "d": [ "1980-07-17", "1980-07-20" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tom Watson", "s": "WATSON", "nat": "USA", "born": "Kansas City, USA", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Alfie Fyles", "r": [ 68, 70, 64, 69 ], "tot": 271, "par": 71, "tp": -13, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Watson" ], "leadSc": 202, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Lee Trevino", "s": "TREVINO", "r": [ 68, 67, 71, 69 ], "tot": 275, "note": "" } ], "field": 151, "made": 65, "cut": 149, "len": null, "la": [ "Jay Sigel", 291 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 25000.0, "purse": 200000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Isao Aoki shot 63 in round 3, the second 63 in Open history and the first at Muirfield, on the day Watson's 64 (out 34, home 30) gave him a four-shot lead.", "Watson sealed the title with five birdies in six holes from the 7th in the final round. This was the first Open to finish on a Sunday." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first Sunday finish: Muirfield" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1975; 1977; 1980; 1982; 1983", "majors": 8, "ru": "1984; 2009", "death": "living" } }, "1981": { "ed": 110, "d": [ "1981-07-16", "1981-07-19" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Bill Rogers", "s": "ROGERS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Waco, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 72, 66, 67, 71 ], "tot": 276, "par": 70, "tp": -4, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bill Rogers" ], "leadSc": 205, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 5", "ru": [ { "n": "Bernhard Langer", "s": "LANGER", "r": [ 73, 67, 70, 70 ], "tot": 280, "note": "" } ], "field": 153, "made": 61, "cut": 150, "len": null, "la": [ "Hal Sutton", 295 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 25000.0, "purse": 200000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "A double bogey by Rogers at the 7th in the final round let Langer close to within one, but Rogers birdied the 9th, 10th and 12th to pull clear.", "Rogers nearly missed his first-round tee time after misreading the start sheet. Nicklaus opened with an 83 and followed it with a 66 to make the cut." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Gordon J. Brand", "h": 16, "rd": 2, "yd": 165 }, { "p": "Roger Chapman (a)", "h": 16, "rd": 2, "yd": 165 }, { "p": "Sam Torrance", "h": 16, "rd": 4, "yd": 165 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1981", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1982": { "ed": 111, "d": [ "1982-07-15", "1982-07-18" ], "course": "Royal Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tom Watson", "s": "WATSON", "nat": "USA", "born": "Kansas City, USA", "age": 32, "am": false, "tn": 4, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Alfie Fyles", "r": [ 69, 71, 74, 70 ], "tot": 284, "par": 72, "tp": -4, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Bobby Clampett" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Nick Price", "s": "PRICE", "r": [ 69, 69, 74, 73 ], "tot": 285, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Peter Oosterhuis", "s": "OOSTERHUIS", "r": [ 74, 67, 74, 70 ], "tot": 285, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 150, "made": 60, "cut": 152, "len": null, "la": [ "Malcolm Lewis", 300 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 32000.0, "purse": 250000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In round 3 at the 577-yard par-5 6th, Bobby Clampett (who had been seven clear) found three bunkers and made 8.", "In the final round, Nick Price birdied the 10th, 11th and 12th to lead by three, then double-bogeyed the 15th from a bunker and dropped a shot at the 17th. Watson's eagle at the 11th, holing out with a 3-iron to 3 feet, carried him through." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Bobby Clampett; Nick Price", "t": "Clampett made 8 at the 6th after being seven clear; Price led by 3 with 6 to play, then doubled the 15th" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1975; 1977; 1980; 1982; 1983", "majors": 8, "ru": "1984; 2009", "death": "living" } }, "1983": { "ed": 112, "d": [ "1983-07-14", "1983-07-17" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tom Watson", "s": "WATSON", "nat": "USA", "born": "Kansas City, USA", "age": 33, "am": false, "tn": 5, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Alfie Fyles", "r": [ 67, 68, 70, 70 ], "tot": 275, "par": 71, "tp": -9, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Watson" ], "leadSc": 205, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Andy Bean", "s": "BEAN", "r": [ 70, 69, 70, 67 ], "tot": 276, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Hale Irwin", "s": "IRWIN", "r": [ 69, 68, 72, 67 ], "tot": 276, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 151, "made": 63, "cut": 146, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 40000.0, "purse": 310000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On the 14th green in round 3, Hale Irwin whiffed a 2-inch tap-in completely, and he finished one stroke behind.", "At the 72nd hole (18th, 473 yards), Watson hit a 2-iron from about 210-218 yards to within 15 feet and two-putted for par to win." ], "note": "Silver Medal: R&A lists none; Wikipedia names Philip Parkin, but the R&A leaderboard shows Parkin missing the cut. Purse R&A £310,000 vs Wikipedia £400,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Hale Irwin", "t": "whiffed a 2-inch tap-in; lost by one" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Rodger Davis", "h": 12, "rd": 1, "yd": 184 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 5, "years": "1975; 1977; 1980; 1982; 1983", "majors": 8, "ru": "1984; 2009", "death": "living" } }, "1984": { "ed": 113, "d": [ "1984-07-19", "1984-07-22" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Seve Ballesteros", "s": "BALLESTEROS", "nat": "Spain", "born": "Pedreña, Spain", "age": 27, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Nick de Paul", "r": [ 69, 68, 70, 69 ], "tot": 276, "par": 72, "tp": -12, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Ian Baker-Finch", "Tom Watson" ], "leadSc": 205, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Bernhard Langer", "s": "LANGER", "r": [ 71, 68, 68, 71 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Tom Watson", "s": "WATSON", "r": [ 71, 68, 66, 73 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 156, "made": 63, "cut": 148, "len": 6933, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 55000.0, "purse": 451000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 17th (Road Hole), Watson's 2-iron approach went over the green, close to the road and wall, and he bogeyed, while Ballesteros parred with a 6-iron and two putts.", "At the 18th Ballesteros holed a 12-15-foot birdie putt that hung on the lip before dropping, and celebrated with his signature fist pump." ], "note": "Purse R&A £451,000 vs Wikipedia £425,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Ben Crenshaw", "h": 8, "rd": 4, "yd": 178 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1979; 1984; 1988", "majors": 5, "ru": "1976", "death": "2011" } }, "1985": { "ed": 114, "d": [ "1985-07-18", "1985-07-21" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Sandy Lyle", "s": "LYLE", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Shrewsbury, England", "age": 27, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Dave Musgrove", "r": [ 68, 71, 73, 70 ], "tot": 282, "par": 70, "tp": null, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "David Graham", "Bernhard Langer" ], "leadSc": 209, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Payne Stewart", "s": "STEWART", "r": [ 70, 75, 70, 68 ], "tot": 283, "note": "" } ], "field": 153, "made": 60, "cut": 149, "len": null, "la": [ "José María Olazábal", 289 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 65000.0, "purse": 530000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Christy O'Connor Jr opened with a 64, including seven birdies in a row from the 4th, which broke Henry Cotton's 1935 course record.", "At the 72nd hole, Lyle's approach ran into Duncan's Hollow and his first chip rolled back to his feet. He got up and down for a bogey 5 and still won: the first British winner since 1969 and the first over-par winning total since 1968." ], "note": "Last Open with a second (54-hole) cut. made_cut 60 (R&A) vs Wikipedia 61.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1985", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1986": { "ed": 115, "d": [ "1986-07-17", "1986-07-20" ], "course": "Turnberry (Ailsa Course)", "town": "Turnberry", "country": "Scotland", "v": "turnberry", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Greg Norman", "s": "NORMAN", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Mount Isa, Australia", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Pete Bender", "r": [ 74, 63, 74, 69 ], "tot": 280, "par": 70, "tp": 0, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Greg Norman" ], "leadSc": 211, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Gordon J. Brand", "s": "BRAND", "r": [ 71, 68, 75, 71 ], "tot": 285, "note": "" } ], "field": 153, "made": 77, "cut": 151, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 70000.0, "purse": 600000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Norman's second-round 63 tied the major championship record. He three-putted the 18th from his birdie try, which would have given him a 61 or 62.", "Tommy Nakajima, one shot back at the start of the final round, opened with a double bogey at the 1st and shot 77." ], "note": "First single 36-hole cut era begins. OWGR began April 1986.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Andrew Oldcorn", "h": 4, "rd": 2, "yd": 167 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1986; 1993", "majors": 2, "ru": "1989", "death": "living" } }, "1987": { "ed": 116, "d": [ "1987-07-16", "1987-07-19" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Nick Faldo", "s": "FALDO", "nat": "England", "born": "Welwyn Garden City, England", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 69, 71, 71 ], "tot": 279, "par": 71, "tp": -5, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Paul Azinger" ], "leadSc": 207, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind (T2)", "ru": [ { "n": "Paul Azinger", "s": "AZINGER", "r": [ 68, 68, 71, 73 ], "tot": 280, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Rodger Davis", "s": "DAVIS", "r": [ 64, 73, 74, 69 ], "tot": 280, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 153, "made": 78, "cut": 146, "len": null, "la": [ "Paul Mayo", 297 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 75000.0, "purse": 650000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Faldo made 18 straight pars in the final round, including a 30-yard bunker shot to 4 feet at the 8th, and holed a 4-footer at the 18th.", "Azinger, leading on the back nine, drove into a fairway bunker at the par-5 17th and made 6, then bunkered his approach at the 18th and bogeyed again." ], "note": "Sunesson partnership began after 1987 (R&A).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Paul Azinger", "t": "bogeyed the 17th and 18th from the lead" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Billy Andrade", "h": 7, "rd": 4, "yd": 185 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1987; 1990; 1992", "majors": 6, "ru": "1993", "death": "living" } }, "1988": { "ed": 117, "d": [ "1988-07-14", "1988-07-18" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Seve Ballesteros", "s": "BALLESTEROS", "nat": "Spain", "born": "Pedreña, Spain", "age": 31, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 67, 71, 70, 65 ], "tot": 273, "par": 71, "tp": -11, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Nick Price" ], "leadSc": 206, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (T2)", "ru": [ { "n": "Nick Price", "s": "PRICE", "r": [ 70, 67, 69, 69 ], "tot": 275, "note": "" } ], "field": 153, "made": 71, "cut": 148, "len": null, "la": [ "Paul Broadhurst", 296 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 80000.0, "purse": 700000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Saturday's play was washed out by heavy rain, so the final round was played on Monday 18 July, the first Monday finish in Open history.", "At the 16th Ballesteros hit a 9-iron to 3 inches for the birdie that took the lead. At the 18th he chipped to 6 inches, and Price three-putted to close with a 69." ], "note": "Purse R&A £700,000 vs Wikipedia £500,000.", "wx": { "c": "heavy rain washed out Saturday", "e": "first Monday finish" }, "wk": "rain", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Lanny Wadkins", "h": 1, "rd": 3, "yd": 206 } ], "mile": [ "first Monday finish: rain washed out Saturday" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1979; 1984; 1988", "majors": 5, "ru": "1976", "death": "2011" } }, "1989": { "ed": 118, "d": [ "1989-07-20", "1989-07-23" ], "course": "Royal Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Mark Calcavecchia", "s": "CALCAVECCHIA", "nat": "USA", "born": "Laurel, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 71, 68, 68, 68 ], "tot": 275, "par": 72, "tp": -13, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate (first)", "losers": "Wayne Grady; Greg Norman", "scores": "Calcavecchia 13 (4-3-3-3); Grady 16 (4-4-4-4); Norman did not hole out", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Wayne Grady" ], "leadSc": 204, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Wayne Grady", "s": "GRADY", "r": [ 68, 67, 69, 71 ], "tot": 275, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off (16)" }, { "n": "Greg Norman", "s": "NORMAN", "r": [ 69, 70, 72, 64 ], "tot": 275, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off (did not hole out at 18)" } ], "field": 156, "made": 80, "cut": 146, "len": null, "la": [ "Russell Claydon", 293 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 80000.0, "purse": 750000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Norman opened the final round with six straight birdies and shot 64 to set the target, while Calcavecchia chipped in from about 60 feet at the 12th.", "At the fourth playoff hole (18th), Norman drove into a fairway bunker, hit the bunker face and then went out of bounds, while Calcavecchia's 5-iron to 6 feet set up a winning birdie." ], "note": "First 4-hole aggregate play-off (holes 1, 2, 17, 18 per Wikipedia). Purse R&A £750,000 vs Wikipedia £725,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1989", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1990": { "ed": 119, "d": [ "1990-07-19", "1990-07-22" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Nick Faldo", "s": "FALDO", "nat": "England", "born": "Welwyn Garden City, England", "age": 33, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Fanny Sunesson", "r": [ 67, 65, 67, 71 ], "tot": 270, "par": 72, "tp": -18, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Nick Faldo" ], "leadSc": 199, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 5", "ru": [ { "n": "Mark McNulty", "s": "MCNULTY", "r": [ 74, 68, 68, 65 ], "tot": 275, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Payne Stewart", "s": "STEWART", "r": [ 68, 68, 68, 71 ], "tot": 275, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 156, "made": 72, "cut": 143, "len": 6933, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 85000.0, "purse": 825000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "In round 1, Faldo holed a pitch-and-run from the Valley of Sin for an eagle 2 at the 18th. His 199 after 54 holes was a record.", "Payne Stewart got within two of Faldo in the final round before driving into the Coffin bunkers at the 13th (Golf Compendium says the 12th; the R&A figure is used)." ], "note": "R&A: Norman 'still officially the World No.1 going into the event', so Faldo was not No. 1. Purse R&A £825,000 vs Wikipedia £500,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Tim Simpson", "h": 11, "rd": 4, "yd": 172 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1987; 1990; 1992", "majors": 6, "ru": "1993", "death": "living" } }, "1991": { "ed": 120, "d": [ "1991-07-18", "1991-07-21" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Ian Baker-Finch", "s": "BAKER-FINCH", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Nambour, Australia", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Pete Bender", "r": [ 71, 71, 64, 66 ], "tot": 272, "par": 70, "tp": -8, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Ian Baker-Finch", "Mark O'Meara" ], "leadSc": 206, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Mike Harwood", "s": "HARWOOD", "r": [ 68, 70, 69, 67 ], "tot": 274, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 113, "cut": 148, "len": null, "la": [ "Jim Payne", 284 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 90000.0, "purse": 900000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Baker-Finch birdied five of the first seven holes in the final round and went out in 29.", "Baker-Finch's third-round 64 set a Royal Birkdale course record, which Jodie Mudd broke with a 63 in round 4. His closing 66 equalled Watson's 1977 record of 130 for the last 36 holes." ], "note": "made_cut 113 includes Richard Boxall (broke his leg, withdrew).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Brian Marchbank", "h": 12, "rd": 1, "yd": 184 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1991", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1992": { "ed": 121, "d": [ "1992-07-16", "1992-07-19" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Nick Faldo", "s": "FALDO", "nat": "England", "born": "Welwyn Garden City, England", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Fanny Sunesson", "r": [ 66, 64, 69, 73 ], "tot": 272, "par": 71, "tp": -12, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Nick Faldo" ], "leadSc": 199, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "John Cook", "s": "COOK", "r": [ 66, 67, 70, 70 ], "tot": 273, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 75, "cut": 143, "len": null, "la": [ "Daren Lee", 293 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 95000.0, "purse": 950000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Two behind John Cook with four holes to play, Faldo hit a \"half 5-iron\" to 3 feet at the 15th for a birdie.", "Cook missed a birdie putt of under 3 feet at the par-5 17th and bogeyed the 18th, and Faldo two-putted from 25 feet at the last to win." ], "note": "54-hole lead 4 (R&A 'four clear'; Golf Compendium 'three'). Purse R&A £950,000 vs Wikipedia £1,000,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Paul McGinley", "h": 7, "rd": 1, "yd": 185 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "1987; 1990; 1992", "majors": 6, "ru": "1993", "death": "living" } }, "1993": { "ed": 122, "d": [ "1993-07-15", "1993-07-18" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Greg Norman", "s": "NORMAN", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Mount Isa, Australia", "age": 38, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Tony Navarro", "r": [ 66, 68, 69, 64 ], "tot": 267, "par": 70, "tp": -13, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Nick Faldo", "Corey Pavin" ], "leadSc": 202, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Nick Faldo", "s": "FALDO", "r": [ 69, 63, 70, 67 ], "tot": 269, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 78, "cut": 143, "len": null, "la": [ "Iain Pyman", 281 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 100000.0, "purse": 1000000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Norman's closing 64 (out in 31, a 9-iron to 6 inches at the 9th) set the record for the lowest winning final round and a record 267 total. He missed from 14 inches at the 17th.", "Bernhard Langer drove out of bounds onto Prince's Golf Club at the 14th. Faldo had shot the first 63 at Royal St George's in round 2." ], "note": "First £1m purse; winner £100,000 (R&A). Pyman's 281 was the amateur record total.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first £1m purse: £100,000 to Norman" ], "firstc": [], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "1986; 1993", "majors": 2, "ru": "1989", "death": "living" } }, "1994": { "ed": 123, "d": [ "1994-07-14", "1994-07-17" ], "course": "Turnberry (Ailsa Course)", "town": "Turnberry", "country": "Scotland", "v": "turnberry", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Nick Price", "s": "PRICE", "nat": "Zimbabwe", "born": "Durban, South Africa", "age": 37, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": "Jeff \"Squeaky\" Medlin", "r": [ 69, 66, 67, 66 ], "tot": 268, "par": 70, "tp": -12, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Brad Faxon", "Fuzzy Zoeller" ], "leadSc": 201, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Jesper Parnevik", "s": "PARNEVIK", "r": [ 68, 66, 68, 67 ], "tot": 269, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 81, "cut": 143, "len": null, "la": [ "Warren Bennett", 286 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 110000.0, "purse": 1100000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Price birdied the 16th and then holed a 50-foot eagle putt at the 17th (71st hole).", "Parnevik, not checking the scoreboard, went for the flag at the 18th, finished in the rough and bogeyed, when a par would have been enough." ], "note": "Purse R&A £1,100,000 vs Wikipedia £1,000,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Barry Lane", "h": 4, "rd": 2, "yd": 167 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Zimbabwe" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1994", "majors": 3, "ru": "1982; 1988", "death": "living" } }, "1995": { "ed": 124, "d": [ "1995-07-20", "1995-07-23" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "John Daly", "s": "DALY", "nat": "USA", "born": "Carmichael, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 67, 71, 73, 71 ], "tot": 282, "par": 72, "tp": -6, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate", "losers": "Costantino Rocca", "scores": "Daly 15 (4-3-4-4); Rocca 19 (5-4-7-3)", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Michael Campbell" ], "leadSc": 207, "def": 4, "wst": "4 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Costantino Rocca", "s": "ROCCA", "r": [ 69, 70, 70, 73 ], "tot": 282, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 19-15" } ], "field": 159, "made": 103, "cut": 148, "len": 6933, "la": [ "Steve Webster", 289 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 125000.0, "purse": 1250000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Needing a birdie at the 72nd hole, Rocca fluffed his pitch into the Valley of Sin and then holed a putt of about 65 feet to force the playoff.", "In the playoff Rocca took three shots to escape the Road Hole Bunker at the 17th and made 7. Daly won by four over the four holes." ], "note": "Play-off margin: R&A text says 'by five'; hole scores give 4 (15 v 19), used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1995", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1996": { "ed": 125, "d": [ "1996-07-18", "1996-07-21" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tom Lehman", "s": "LEHMAN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Austin (Minnesota), USA", "age": 37, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 67, 67, 64, 73 ], "tot": 271, "par": 71, "tp": -13, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tom Lehman" ], "leadSc": 198, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 6", "ru": [ { "n": "Ernie Els", "s": "ELS", "r": [ 68, 67, 71, 67 ], "tot": 273, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Mark McCumber", "s": "MCCUMBER", "r": [ 67, 69, 71, 66 ], "tot": 273, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 156, "made": 77, "cut": 143, "len": null, "la": [ "Tiger Woods", 281 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 200000.0, "purse": 1400000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Lehman's third-round 64 set a 54-hole course record of 198 and gave him a six-shot lead over Faldo.", "Ernie Els made four back-nine birdies in the final round but bogeyed two of the last three holes. Amateur Tiger Woods shot 66 in round 2, equalling the amateur record." ], "note": "Purse R&A £1,400,000 vs Wikipedia £1,500,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Paul McGinley", "h": 9, "rd": 2, "yd": 164 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1996", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1997": { "ed": 126, "d": [ "1997-07-17", "1997-07-20" ], "course": "Royal Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Justin Leonard", "s": "LEONARD", "nat": "USA", "born": "Dallas, USA", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 66, 72, 65 ], "tot": 272, "par": 71, "tp": -12, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jesper Parnevik" ], "leadSc": 202, "def": 5, "wst": "5 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Darren Clarke", "s": "CLARKE", "r": [ 67, 66, 71, 71 ], "tot": 275, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Jesper Parnevik", "s": "PARNEVIK", "r": [ 70, 66, 66, 73 ], "tot": 275, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 156, "made": 70, "cut": 147, "len": null, "la": [ "Barclay Howard", 293 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 250000.0, "purse": 1600000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Darren Clarke drove out of bounds onto the beach at the 2nd in the final round and made a double bogey.", "Leonard holed a 15-foot birdie putt at the 16th and a 30-foot birdie putt at the 17th to close with 65, while leader Parnevik bogeyed the 17th and 18th." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Pierre Fulke", "h": 14, "rd": 1, "yd": 179 }, { "p": "Daniel Olsson (a)", "h": 5, "rd": 2, "yd": 210 }, { "p": "Dennis Edlund", "h": 8, "rd": 2, "yd": 126 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1997", "majors": 1, "ru": "1999", "death": "living" } }, "1998": { "ed": 127, "d": [ "1998-07-16", "1998-07-19" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Mark O'Meara", "s": "O'MEARA", "nat": "USA", "born": "Goldsboro, USA", "age": 41, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": null, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 72, 68, 72, 68 ], "tot": 280, "par": 70, "tp": 0, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate", "losers": "Brian Watts", "scores": "O'Meara 17 (4-4-5-4); Watts 19 (5-4-5-5)", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Brian Watts" ], "leadSc": 210, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (T2)", "ru": [ { "n": "Brian Watts", "s": "WATTS", "r": [ 68, 69, 73, 70 ], "tot": 280, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 19-17" } ], "field": 156, "made": 81, "cut": 146, "len": null, "la": [ "Justin Rose", 282 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 300000.0, "purse": 1800000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "O'Meara birdied the 15th, the first playoff hole, then made three pars to beat Watts by two in the four-hole playoff.", "Watts saved par at the 72nd hole (18th) with a bunker shot from an awkward stance to force the playoff, while 17-year-old amateur Justin Rose tied 4th." ], "note": "Round order: R&A 72-68-72-68 (used) vs Golf Compendium 68-72-72-68. Purse R&A £1.8m vs Wikipedia £1.7m.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1998", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "1999": { "ed": 128, "d": [ "1999-07-15", "1999-07-18" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Paul Lawrie", "s": "LAWRIE", "nat": "Scotland", "born": "Aberdeen, Scotland", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 241, "entry": "qualifier (Final Qualifying, Downfield)", "cad": null, "r": [ 73, 74, 76, 67 ], "tot": 290, "par": 71, "tp": null, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate", "losers": "Justin Leonard; Jean van de Velde", "scores": "Lawrie 15; Leonard 18; Van de Velde 18", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Jean van de Velde" ], "leadSc": 213, "def": 10, "wst": "10 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Justin Leonard", "s": "LEONARD", "r": [ 73, 74, 71, 72 ], "tot": 290, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 18-15" }, { "n": "Jean van de Velde", "s": "DE VELDE", "r": [ 75, 68, 70, 77 ], "tot": 290, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 18-15" } ], "field": 156, "made": 73, "cut": 154, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 350000.0, "purse": 2000000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Van de Velde stood on the 18th tee three strokes clear. His approach hit the grandstand, he went into the Barry Burn and made a triple-bogey 7 to fall into the playoff.", "Lawrie started the final round 10 strokes behind, a major-championship comeback record, closed with 67, then birdied the 17th and 18th in the playoff." ], "note": "Only champion to come through Final Qualifying (NCG). World rank: R&A 241 (used) vs Golf Digest 159.", "wx": { "c": "not detailed in the sources", "e": "winning 290 (+6)" }, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Jean van de Velde", "t": "three clear on the 72nd tee; triple bogey; lost the play-off" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "only champion through Final Qualifying: Paul Lawrie" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "1999", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2000": { "ed": 129, "d": [ "2000-07-20", "2000-07-23" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tiger Woods", "s": "WOODS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Cypress, USA", "age": 24, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 1, "entry": null, "cad": "Steve Williams", "r": [ 67, 66, 67, 69 ], "tot": 269, "par": 72, "tp": -19, "mg": 8, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tiger Woods" ], "leadSc": 200, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 6", "ru": [ { "n": "Thomas Bjørn", "s": "BJØRN", "r": [ 69, 69, 68, 71 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Ernie Els", "s": "ELS", "r": [ 66, 72, 70, 69 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 156, "made": 74, "cut": 144, "len": 7115, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 500000.0, "purse": 2750000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Woods did not hit into a single bunker in 72 holes at the Old Course.", "Woods won by eight, which tied the largest Open winning margin since 1900, and at 24 completed the career Grand Slam." ], "note": "First time St Andrews measured over 7,000 yards (R&A). Purse R&A £2.75m vs Wikipedia £2.8m.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "2000; 2005; 2006", "majors": 15, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2001": { "ed": 130, "d": [ "2001-07-19", "2001-07-22" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "David Duval", "s": "DUVAL", "nat": "USA", "born": "Jacksonville, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 7, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 69, 73, 65, 67 ], "tot": 274, "par": 71, "tp": -10, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Alex Čejka", "David Duval", "Bernhard Langer", "Ian Woosnam" ], "leadSc": 207, "def": 0, "wst": "co-led", "ru": [ { "n": "Niclas Fasth", "s": "FASTH", "r": [ 69, 69, 72, 67 ], "tot": 277, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": 70, "cut": 144, "len": null, "la": [ "David Dixon", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 600000.0, "purse": 3300000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Co-leader Ian Woosnam took a two-stroke penalty in the final round for carrying too many clubs in his bag, and he tied for third.", "Duval shot 65 in the third round to join a four-way tie at 207, then closed with 67 to win his only major." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [ { "i": "Ian Woosnam carried 15 clubs", "o": "two-stroke penalty in the final round; finished T3" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Frank Lickliter II", "h": 5, "rd": 2, "yd": 212 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2001", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2002": { "ed": 131, "d": [ "2002-07-18", "2002-07-21" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Ernie Els", "s": "ELS", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Johannesburg, South Africa", "age": 32, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 3, "entry": null, "cad": "Ricci Roberts", "r": [ 70, 66, 72, 70 ], "tot": 278, "par": 71, "tp": -6, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate, then sudden death", "losers": "Thomas Levet (sudden death); Stuart Appleby; Steve Elkington", "scores": "Els 16 then 4; Levet 16 then 5; Appleby 17; Elkington 17", "holes": 5 }, "lead": [ "Ernie Els" ], "leadSc": 208, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 2", "ru": [ { "n": "Thomas Levet", "s": "LEVET", "r": [ 72, 66, 74, 66 ], "tot": 278, "note": "lost play-off in sudden death" }, { "n": "Stuart Appleby", "s": "APPLEBY", "r": [ 73, 70, 70, 65 ], "tot": 278, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off (17)" }, { "n": "Steve Elkington", "s": "ELKINGTON", "r": [ 71, 73, 68, 66 ], "tot": 278, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off (17)" } ], "field": 156, "made": 83, "cut": 144, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 700000.0, "purse": 3800000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Tiger Woods shot 81 in the cold, wet third round, which ended his bid for a calendar-year Grand Slam.", "In sudden death at the 18th, Levet found a fairway bunker and bogeyed, and Els got up and down from a greenside bunker for par." ], "note": "Only four-man play-off. Saturday storm: late groups averaged 76.41 vs 72.59 for early groups (SI).", "wx": { "c": "Saturday storm (see above)", "e": "10 rounds in the 80s against 4 in the 60s that day" }, "wk": "storm", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "2002; 2012", "majors": 4, "ru": "1996; 2000; 2004", "death": "living" } }, "2003": { "ed": 132, "d": [ "2003-07-17", "2003-07-20" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Ben Curtis", "s": "CURTIS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Columbus, USA", "age": 26, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 396, "entry": null, "cad": "Andy Sutton", "r": [ 72, 72, 70, 69 ], "tot": 283, "par": 71, "tp": -1, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Thomas Bjørn" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Thomas Bjørn", "s": "BJØRN", "r": [ 73, 70, 69, 72 ], "tot": 284, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Vijay Singh", "s": "SINGH", "r": [ 75, 70, 69, 70 ], "tot": 284, "note": "T2" } ], "field": 156, "made": 75, "cut": 150, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 700000.0, "purse": 3900000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Bjørn led by two with three to play, then needed three attempts to escape the greenside bunker at the 16th and made double bogey.", "Curtis, playing his first major, holed an eight-foot par putt at the 18th to post 283, the only under-par total." ], "note": "World rank: R&A 396 vs Golf Digest 369. Parnevik and Roe disqualified after making the cut.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Thomas Bjørn", "t": "led by 2 with 3 to play; three attempts to escape a bunker at the 16th" } ], "rules": [ { "i": "Jesper Parnevik and Mark Roe", "o": "disqualified after making the cut" } ], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2003", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2004": { "ed": 133, "d": [ "2004-07-15", "2004-07-18" ], "course": "Royal Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Todd Hamilton", "s": "HAMILTON", "nat": "USA", "born": "Galesburg, USA", "age": 38, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 56, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 71, 67, 67, 69 ], "tot": 274, "par": 71, "tp": -10, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate", "losers": "Ernie Els", "scores": "Hamilton 15; Els 16", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Todd Hamilton" ], "leadSc": 205, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Ernie Els", "s": "ELS", "r": [ 69, 69, 68, 68 ], "tot": 274, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 16-15" } ], "field": 156, "made": 73, "cut": 145, "len": null, "la": [ "Stuart Wilson", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 720000.0, "purse": 4000000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 72nd hole Els's 10-foot birdie putt to win broke sharply left and missed, so Hamilton's bogey at the 18th still earned a playoff.", "On the last playoff hole (18) Hamilton chipped and ran a hybrid to two feet from about 30 yards short and holed out after Els missed from 12 feet." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Ernie Els", "h": 8, "rd": 1, "yd": 123 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2004", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2005": { "ed": 134, "d": [ "2005-07-14", "2005-07-17" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tiger Woods", "s": "WOODS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Cypress, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": 1, "entry": null, "cad": "Steve Williams", "r": [ 66, 67, 71, 70 ], "tot": 274, "par": 72, "tp": -14, "mg": 5, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tiger Woods" ], "leadSc": 204, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 2", "ru": [ { "n": "Colin Montgomerie", "s": "MONTGOMERIE", "r": [ 71, 66, 70, 72 ], "tot": 279, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 80, "cut": 145, "len": null, "la": [ "Lloyd Saltman", 283 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 720000.0, "purse": 4000000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Jack Nicklaus, playing his final Open, birdied the 18th on Friday after a long ovation and then missed the cut.", "Woods led wire to wire to win by five, completing his second career Grand Slam at 29." ], "note": "Wire-to-wire outright. Nicklaus putt length conflict (18 ft GC vs 15 ft Wikipedia), so omitted.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "2000; 2005; 2006", "majors": 15, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2006": { "ed": 135, "d": [ "2006-07-20", "2006-07-23" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Tiger Woods", "s": "WOODS", "nat": "USA", "born": "Cypress, USA", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 3, "fm": false, "rank": 1, "entry": null, "cad": "Steve Williams", "r": [ 67, 65, 71, 67 ], "tot": 270, "par": 72, "tp": -18, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Tiger Woods" ], "leadSc": 203, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Chris DiMarco", "s": "DIMARCO", "r": [ 70, 65, 69, 68 ], "tot": 272, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": 143, "len": null, "la": [ "Marius Thorp", 288 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 720000.0, "purse": 4000000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "On the baked, fast-running Hoylake links Woods hit driver only once all week and played irons off nearly every tee.", "Woods holed out with a 4-iron from 212 yards for an eagle at the 14th in his second-round 65." ], "note": "Eagle yardage: R&A 212 (used) vs Wikipedia 209.", "wx": { "c": "baked, fast-running links", "e": "Woods hit driver once all week" }, "wk": "baked", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Richard Sterne", "h": 15, "rd": 2, "yd": 161 }, { "p": "John Senden", "h": 13, "rd": 3, "yd": 198 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 3, "years": "2000; 2005; 2006", "majors": 15, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2007": { "ed": 136, "d": [ "2007-07-19", "2007-07-22" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Pádraig Harrington", "s": "HARRINGTON", "nat": "Ireland", "born": "Dublin, Ireland", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 10, "entry": null, "cad": "Ronan Flood", "r": [ 69, 73, 68, 67 ], "tot": 277, "par": 71, "tp": -7, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate", "losers": "Sergio García", "scores": "Harrington 15; García 16", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Sergio García" ], "leadSc": 204, "def": 6, "wst": "6 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Sergio García", "s": "GARCÍA", "r": [ 65, 71, 68, 73 ], "tot": 277, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 16-15" } ], "field": 156, "made": 70, "cut": 146, "len": null, "la": [ "Rory McIlroy", 289 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 750000.0, "purse": 4200000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Harrington twice found the Barry Burn at the 72nd hole and made double bogey, then García's 10-foot par putt to win lipped out.", "Harrington eagled the 14th in his closing 67, and in the playoff he birdied the 1st while García bogeyed it." ], "note": "First champion from the Republic of Ireland (Topend Sports). Harrington's playoff 5 at 18 was a bogey, not a double.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Republic of Ireland" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "2007; 2008", "majors": 3, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2008": { "ed": 137, "d": [ "2008-07-17", "2008-07-20" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Pádraig Harrington", "s": "HARRINGTON", "nat": "Ireland", "born": "Dublin, Ireland", "age": 36, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": 14, "entry": null, "cad": "Ronan Flood", "r": [ 74, 68, 72, 69 ], "tot": 283, "par": 70, "tp": null, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Greg Norman" ], "leadSc": 212, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind (T2)", "ru": [ { "n": "Ian Poulter", "s": "POULTER", "r": [ 72, 71, 75, 69 ], "tot": 287, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 83, "cut": 149, "len": null, "la": [ "Chris Wood", 290 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 750000.0, "purse": 4200000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Greg Norman, the 54-hole leader at 53, shot a final-round 77 and tied for third.", "Harrington, nursing a wrist injury, pulled clear down the stretch to become the first European to defend the Open since James Braid (1905-06)." ], "note": "Last back-to-back champion through 2026.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Greg Norman", "t": "54-hole leader at 53; closed with 77" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "2007; 2008", "majors": 3, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2009": { "ed": 138, "d": [ "2009-07-16", "2009-07-19" ], "course": "Turnberry (Ailsa Course)", "town": "Turnberry", "country": "Scotland", "v": "turnberry", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Stewart Cink", "s": "CINK", "nat": "USA", "born": "Huntsville, USA", "age": 36, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 33, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 66, 72, 71, 69 ], "tot": 278, "par": 70, "tp": -2, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate", "losers": "Tom Watson", "scores": "Cink 14; Watson 20", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Tom Watson" ], "leadSc": 206, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Tom Watson", "s": "WATSON", "r": [ 65, 70, 71, 72 ], "tot": 278, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 20-14; aged 59" } ], "field": 156, "made": 73, "cut": 144, "len": null, "la": [ "Matteo Manassero", 282 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 750000.0, "purse": 4200000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Watson, 59, led by one on the 72nd tee, but his approach ran over the green and he missed an eight-foot par putt to fall into a playoff.", "Cink birdied the 72nd hole to post -2, then won the playoff by six strokes." ], "note": "Manassero (16y 91d) youngest Silver Medallist.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Tom Watson", "t": "aged 59 and one ahead on the 72nd tee; missed an 8-foot par putt; lost the play-off 20–14" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Thomas Levet", "h": 15, "rd": 4, "yd": 206 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2009", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2010": { "ed": 139, "d": [ "2010-07-15", "2010-07-18" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Louis Oosthuizen", "s": "OOSTHUIZEN", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Mossel Bay, South Africa", "age": 27, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 54, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 65, 67, 69, 71 ], "tot": 272, "par": 72, "tp": -16, "mg": 7, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Louis Oosthuizen" ], "leadSc": 201, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Lee Westwood", "s": "WESTWOOD", "r": [ 67, 71, 71, 70 ], "tot": 279, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 77, "cut": 146, "len": null, "la": [ "Jin Jeong", 284 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 850000.0, "purse": 4800000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "At the 12th in the final round Paul Casey made triple bogey while Oosthuizen birdied, which effectively settled the Championship.", "Rory McIlroy opened with a record-tying 63, then shot 80 in Friday's gale-force winds." ], "note": "", "wx": { "c": "Friday gale", "e": "McIlroy followed an opening 63 with 80" }, "wk": "gale", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2010", "majors": 1, "ru": "2015", "death": "living" } }, "2011": { "ed": 140, "d": [ "2011-07-14", "2011-07-17" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Darren Clarke", "s": "CLARKE", "nat": "Northern Ireland", "born": "Dungannon, Northern Ireland", "age": 42, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 111, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 68, 69, 70 ], "tot": 275, "par": 70, "tp": -5, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Darren Clarke" ], "leadSc": 205, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Dustin Johnson", "s": "JOHNSON", "r": [ 70, 68, 68, 72 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Phil Mickelson", "s": "MICKELSON", "r": [ 70, 69, 71, 68 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Tom Lewis", 289 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 900000.0, "purse": 5000000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Two strokes back with five to play, Dustin Johnson hit his second shot out of bounds at the par-5 14th and made double bogey.", "Mickelson went out in 30 on Sunday to tie Clarke for the lead, then faded on the back nine." ], "note": "Winner's £900,000 confirmed by R&A. Clarke's 20th start before winning.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Dustin Johnson", "h": 16, "rd": 1, "yd": 163 }, { "p": "Tom Watson", "h": 6, "rd": 2, "yd": 178 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2011", "majors": 1, "ru": "1997", "death": "living" } }, "2012": { "ed": 141, "d": [ "2012-07-19", "2012-07-22" ], "course": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "town": "Lytham St Annes", "country": "England", "v": "lytham", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Ernie Els", "s": "ELS", "nat": "South Africa", "born": "Johannesburg, South Africa", "age": 42, "am": false, "tn": 2, "fm": false, "rank": 40, "entry": null, "cad": "Ricci Roberts", "r": [ 67, 70, 68, 68 ], "tot": 273, "par": 70, "tp": -7, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Adam Scott" ], "leadSc": 199, "def": 6, "wst": "6 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Adam Scott", "s": "SCOTT", "r": [ 64, 67, 68, 75 ], "tot": 274, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 900000.0, "purse": 5000000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Adam Scott led by four with four to play, then bogeyed the 15th, 16th, 17th and 18th, missing a par putt at the 18th that would have forced a playoff.", "Els birdied the 72nd hole to finish 273, coming from six behind at the start of the round." ], "note": "Defending champion Clarke missed the cut.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [ { "p": "Adam Scott", "t": "led by 4 with 4 to play; bogeyed the last four holes" } ], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Anirban Lahiri", "h": 9, "rd": 3, "yd": 165 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 2, "years": "2002; 2012", "majors": 4, "ru": "1996; 2000; 2004", "death": "living" } }, "2013": { "ed": 142, "d": [ "2013-07-18", "2013-07-21" ], "course": "Muirfield", "town": "Gullane", "country": "Scotland", "v": "muirfield", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Phil Mickelson", "s": "MICKELSON", "nat": "USA", "born": "San Diego, USA", "age": 43, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 5, "entry": null, "cad": "Jim \"Bones\" Mackay", "r": [ 69, 74, 72, 66 ], "tot": 281, "par": 71, "tp": -3, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Lee Westwood" ], "leadSc": 210, "def": 5, "wst": "5 behind (T9)", "ru": [ { "n": "Henrik Stenson", "s": "STENSON", "r": [ 70, 70, 74, 70 ], "tot": 284, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": null, "la": [ "Matthew Fitzpatrick", 294 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 945000.0, "purse": 5250000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Mickelson reached the par-5 17th in two with consecutive 3-woods and two-putted for birdie.", "Mickelson birdied the 18th to close with 66, coming from five strokes back at the start of the round." ], "note": "54-hole position: Golf Compendium T9, Wikipedia T10.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2013", "majors": 6, "ru": "2011; 2016", "death": "living" } }, "2014": { "ed": 143, "d": [ "2014-07-17", "2014-07-20" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Rory McIlroy", "s": "MCILROY", "nat": "Northern Ireland", "born": "Holywood, Northern Ireland", "age": 25, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 8, "entry": "exempt (OWGR top 50, 26 May 2014)", "cad": null, "r": [ 66, 66, 68, 71 ], "tot": 271, "par": 72, "tp": -17, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Rory McIlroy" ], "leadSc": 200, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 6", "ru": [ { "n": "Rickie Fowler", "s": "FOWLER", "r": [ 69, 69, 68, 67 ], "tot": 273, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Sergio García", "s": "GARCÍA", "r": [ 68, 70, 69, 66 ], "tot": 273, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7312, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 975000.0, "purse": 5400000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "McIlroy added a birdie and two eagles over the last five holes of round three to stretch his lead to six.", "On Sunday Sergio García cut the gap to two, but he failed to escape a greenside bunker at the 15th and bogeyed." ], "note": "Wire-to-wire outright. Entry: AP lists him under 'Top 50 players from the world ranking on May 26'.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2014", "majors": 6, "ru": "2018", "death": "living" } }, "2015": { "ed": 144, "d": [ "2015-07-16", "2015-07-20" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Zach Johnson", "s": "JOHNSON", "nat": "USA", "born": "Iowa City, USA", "age": 39, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 25, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 66, 71, 70, 66 ], "tot": 273, "par": 72, "tp": -15, "mg": null, "po": true, "pl": { "fmt": "4-hole aggregate (Monday)", "losers": "Louis Oosthuizen; Marc Leishman", "scores": "Johnson 15; Oosthuizen 16; Leishman 18", "holes": 4 }, "lead": [ "Jason Day", "Paul Dunne (a)", "Louis Oosthuizen" ], "leadSc": 204, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind (T6)", "ru": [ { "n": "Louis Oosthuizen", "s": "OOSTHUIZEN", "r": [ 67, 70, 67, 69 ], "tot": 273, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 16-15" }, { "n": "Marc Leishman", "s": "LEISHMAN", "r": [ 70, 73, 64, 66 ], "tot": 273, "note": "lost 4-hole play-off 18-15" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7297, "la": [ "Jordan Niebrugge", 277 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 1150000.0, "purse": 6300000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "The final round was played on a Monday, only the second Monday finish in Open history, after rain and wind delays.", "Oosthuizen holed a birdie putt at the 72nd hole to join Johnson (who birdied the 18th for 66) and Leishman in the playoff." ], "note": "Last Open play-off through 2026. Amateur Paul Dunne shared the 54-hole lead.", "wx": { "c": "rain and wind delays", "e": "second Monday finish" }, "wk": "rain", "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": "Peter Alliss's 54th year with the BBC", "aces": [ { "p": "Daniel Brooks", "h": 11, "rd": 2, "yd": 174 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2015", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2016": { "ed": 145, "d": [ "2016-07-14", "2016-07-17" ], "course": "Royal Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Henrik Stenson", "s": "STENSON", "nat": "Sweden", "born": "Gothenburg, Sweden", "age": 40, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 6, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 65, 68, 63 ], "tot": 264, "par": 71, "tp": -20, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Henrik Stenson" ], "leadSc": 201, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 1", "ru": [ { "n": "Phil Mickelson", "s": "MICKELSON", "r": [ 63, 69, 70, 65 ], "tot": 267, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7190, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 1175000.0, "purse": 6500000.0, "cur": "GBP", "m": [ "Stenson birdied the 14th, 15th, 16th and 18th in a closing 63 for a major-record 264.", "Mickelson opened with 63 and shot 65 on Sunday, eagling the 4th, yet still finished three behind." ], "note": "Lowest 72-hole total and -20 (shared). Last GBP purse.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": "NBC/Golf Channel begin U.S. coverage a year early, under a 12-year 2017–2028 deal", "aces": [ { "p": "Louis Oosthuizen", "h": 14, "rd": 1, "yd": 178 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Sweden" ], "rec": "record", "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2016", "majors": 1, "ru": "2013", "death": "living" } }, "2017": { "ed": 146, "d": [ "2017-07-20", "2017-07-23" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Jordan Spieth", "s": "SPIETH", "nat": "USA", "born": "Dallas, USA", "age": 23, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 3, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 65, 69, 65, 69 ], "tot": 268, "par": 70, "tp": -12, "mg": 3, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Jordan Spieth" ], "leadSc": 199, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 3", "ru": [ { "n": "Matt Kuchar", "s": "KUCHAR", "r": [ 65, 71, 66, 69 ], "tot": 271, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7156, "la": [ "Alfie Plant", 286 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 1845000.0, "purse": 10250000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "At the 13th Spieth's wild tee shot led to an unplayable lie, and he played from the practice area to save bogey while Kuchar took the lead.", "Spieth nearly aced the 14th for birdie, then holed a 48-foot eagle putt at the par-5 15th to regain the lead." ], "note": "First US-dollar purse. Branden Grace shot 62, the first in men's majors. PGA Tour Course Details 7,156 vs Hole Stats 7,173.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [ "first 62 in a men's major: Branden Grace", "first US-dollar purse: $10,250,000" ], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2017", "majors": 3, "ru": "2021", "death": "living" } }, "2018": { "ed": 147, "d": [ "2018-07-19", "2018-07-22" ], "course": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "town": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "v": "carnoustie", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Francesco Molinari", "s": "MOLINARI", "nat": "Italy", "born": "Turin, Italy", "age": 35, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 15, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 70, 72, 65, 69 ], "tot": 276, "par": 71, "tp": -8, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Kevin Kisner", "Xander Schauffele", "Jordan Spieth" ], "leadSc": 204, "def": 3, "wst": "3 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Kevin Kisner", "s": "KISNER", "r": [ 66, 70, 68, 74 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Rory McIlroy", "s": "MCILROY", "r": [ 69, 69, 70, 70 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Justin Rose", "s": "ROSE", "r": [ 72, 73, 64, 69 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Xander Schauffele", "s": "SCHAUFFELE", "r": [ 71, 66, 67, 74 ], "tot": 278, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": 145, "len": 7402, "la": [ "Sam Locke", 293 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 1890000.0, "purse": 10500000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Paired with Tiger Woods on Sunday, Molinari played the weekend without a bogey and birdied the 18th to set the target at -8.", "Justin Rose shot 64 in round three and climbed into a four-way tie for second." ], "note": "First Italian champion. Cut 145 from R&A missed-cut list.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [ "Italy" ], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2018", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2019": { "ed": 148, "d": [ "2019-07-18", "2019-07-21" ], "course": "Royal Portrush Golf Club (Dunluce Links)", "town": "Portrush", "country": "Northern Ireland", "v": "portrush", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Shane Lowry", "s": "LOWRY", "nat": "Ireland", "born": "Mullingar, Ireland", "age": 32, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 33, "entry": null, "cad": "Brian \"Bo\" Martin", "r": [ 67, 67, 63, 72 ], "tot": 269, "par": 71, "tp": -15, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Shane Lowry" ], "leadSc": 197, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Tommy Fleetwood", "s": "FLEETWOOD", "r": [ 68, 67, 66, 74 ], "tot": 275, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7344, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 1935000.0, "purse": 10750000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Lowry shot 63 on Saturday, a course record since the 2016 remodel, to lead by four.", "Rory McIlroy opened with 79 at home in Portrush and missed the cut by one despite a Friday 65." ], "note": "Three-hole aggregate play-off adopted from 2019 (holes 1, 13, 18 at Portrush); never yet used.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Emiliano Grillo", "h": 13, "rd": 1, "yd": 194 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2019", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2020": { "np": "cancelled (COVID-19 pandemic)" }, "2021": { "ed": 149, "d": [ "2021-07-15", "2021-07-18" ], "course": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "town": "Sandwich", "country": "England", "v": "stgeorges", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Collin Morikawa", "s": "MORIKAWA", "nat": "USA", "born": "Los Angeles, USA", "age": 24, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 4, "entry": null, "cad": "J.J. Jakovac", "r": [ 67, 64, 68, 66 ], "tot": 265, "par": 70, "tp": -15, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Louis Oosthuizen" ], "leadSc": 198, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind (2nd)", "ru": [ { "n": "Jordan Spieth", "s": "SPIETH", "r": [ 65, 67, 69, 66 ], "tot": 267, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7189, "la": [ "Matthias Schmid", 282 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 2070000.0, "purse": 11500000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Morikawa went out in 32 on Sunday to take control and closed with 66 for a 265 total.", "Louis Oosthuizen set the Open 36-hole record of 129 but shot 71 on Sunday and tied for third." ], "note": "Won on Open debut. Winner's prize: FanSided/Wikipedia $2,070,000; one R&A page showed $2,000,000.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Jonathan Thomson", "h": 16, "rd": 2, "yd": 162 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2021", "majors": 2, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2022": { "ed": 150, "d": [ "unknown", "unknown" ], "course": "Old Course, St Andrews", "town": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "v": "standrews", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Cameron Smith", "s": "SMITH", "nat": "Australia", "born": "Brisbane, Australia", "age": 28, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 6, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 67, 64, 73, 64 ], "tot": 268, "par": 72, "tp": -20, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Viktor Hovland", "Rory McIlroy" ], "leadSc": 200, "def": 4, "wst": "4 behind (T3)", "ru": [ { "n": "Cameron Young", "s": "YOUNG", "r": [ 64, 69, 71, 65 ], "tot": 269, "note": "" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7313, "la": [ "Filippo Celli", null ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 2500000.0, "purse": 14000000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Starting at the 10th, Smith made five straight birdies and came home in 30 for a closing 64.", "Cameron Young eagled the 18th to finish one back, and McIlroy, the co-leader after 54 holes, missed his chip-in eagle try at the 18th and finished third." ], "note": "150th Open. Length: PGA Tour 7,313 vs Wikipedia 7,297 (2015 figure). Defending champion Morikawa missed the cut.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2022", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2023": { "ed": 151, "d": [ "unknown", "unknown" ], "course": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "town": "Hoylake", "country": "England", "v": "hoylake", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Brian Harman", "s": "HARMAN", "nat": "USA", "born": "Savannah, USA", "age": 36, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 26, "entry": null, "cad": null, "r": [ 67, 65, 69, 70 ], "tot": 271, "par": 71, "tp": -13, "mg": 6, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Brian Harman" ], "leadSc": 201, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 5", "ru": [ { "n": "Jason Day", "s": "DAY", "r": [ 72, 67, 69, 69 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Tom Kim", "s": "KIM", "r": [ 74, 68, 68, 67 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Jon Rahm", "s": "RAHM", "r": [ 74, 70, 63, 70 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Sepp Straka", "s": "STRAKA", "r": [ 71, 67, 70, 69 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7383, "la": [ "Christo Lamprecht", 295 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 3000000.0, "purse": 16500000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Harman's second-round 65 gave him a five-shot lead after 36 holes, and he led after every round from then on.", "Jon Rahm's third-round 63 was the lowest score in an Open at Hoylake." ], "note": "Left-handed winner.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Travis Smyth", "h": 17, "rd": 2, "yd": 136 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2023", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2024": { "ed": 152, "d": [ "unknown", "unknown" ], "course": "Royal Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "town": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "v": "troon", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Xander Schauffele", "s": "SCHAUFFELE", "nat": "USA", "born": "San Diego (La Jolla), USA", "age": 30, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 3, "entry": "exempt (PGA champions, 5-year)", "cad": "Austin Kaiser", "r": [ 69, 72, 69, 65 ], "tot": 275, "par": 71, "tp": -9, "mg": 2, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Billy Horschel" ], "leadSc": 209, "def": 1, "wst": "1 behind (T2)", "ru": [ { "n": "Billy Horschel", "s": "HORSCHEL", "r": [ 72, 68, 69, 68 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" }, { "n": "Justin Rose", "s": "ROSE", "r": [ 69, 68, 73, 67 ], "tot": 277, "note": "T2" } ], "field": null, "made": null, "cut": null, "len": 7385, "la": [ "Calum Scott", 292 ], "silver": "yes", "prize": 3100000.0, "purse": 17000000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Schauffele closed with a bogey-free 65, with birdies at the 11th, 13th, 14th and 16th (four birdies in six back-nine holes), then two closing pars.", "Kim Si-woo made a hole-in-one at the 238-yard 17th on Saturday, the longest in Open history." ], "note": "", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "Si Woo Kim (longest in Open history)", "h": 17, "rd": 3, "yd": 238 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2024", "majors": 2, "ru": "2018", "death": "living" } }, "2025": { "ed": 153, "d": [ "unknown", "unknown" ], "course": "Royal Portrush Golf Club (Dunluce Links)", "town": "Portrush", "country": "Northern Ireland", "v": "portrush", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Scottie Scheffler", "s": "SCHEFFLER", "nat": "USA", "born": "Ridgewood, USA", "age": 29, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": false, "rank": 1, "entry": "exempt (top 10 at 2024 Open; 7 categories)", "cad": null, "r": [ 68, 64, 67, 68 ], "tot": 267, "par": 71, "tp": -17, "mg": 4, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Scottie Scheffler" ], "leadSc": 199, "def": 0, "wst": "led by 4", "ru": [ { "n": "Harris English", "s": "ENGLISH", "r": [], "tot": 271, "note": "total confirmed by R&A" } ], "field": 156, "made": 70, "cut": 143, "len": 7381, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 3100000.0, "purse": 17000000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Scheffler made double bogey at the 8th on Sunday, then birdied the 9th and 12th to restore his cushion.", "John Parry made a hole-in-one at the 13th in the third round." ], "note": "Record 280,000 spectators (R&A).", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [ { "p": "John Parry", "h": 13, "rd": 3, "yd": 192 } ], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2025", "majors": 4, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } }, "2026": { "ed": 154, "d": [ "2026-07-16", "2026-07-19" ], "course": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "town": "Southport", "country": "England", "v": "birkdale", "org": "The R&A", "trophy": "Claret Jug (replica to winner)", "holes": 72, "w": "Ryan Fox", "s": "FOX", "nat": "New Zealand", "born": "Auckland, New Zealand", "age": 39, "am": false, "tn": 1, "fm": true, "rank": 56, "entry": "exempt (BMW PGA winner 2023-25, R&A cat. 7)", "cad": "Dean Smith", "r": [ 72, 68, 62, 68 ], "tot": 270, "par": 70, "tp": -10, "mg": 1, "po": false, "pl": null, "lead": [ "Sam Burns" ], "leadSc": 200, "def": 2, "wst": "2 behind", "ru": [ { "n": "Cameron Young", "s": "YOUNG", "r": [ 67, 67, 73, 64 ], "tot": 271, "note": "" } ], "field": 156, "made": 78, "cut": 141, "len": 7223, "la": null, "silver": "no", "prize": 3200000.0, "purse": 17750000.0, "cur": "USD", "m": [ "Fox shot 62 on Saturday, equalling the men's major-championship record, to jump from 52nd after 36 holes into the final group, two behind Sam Burns.", "Fox birdied four of his last six holes, including a 12-foot birdie at the 18th, to beat Cameron Young, whose closing 64 had set the target, by one." ], "note": "154th Open. Three 62s in one week (Herbert, Burns, Fox). Prize: $3.2m (Golf Monthly, TGNN, FanSided) vs $3.25m (Golf Digest); no R&A figure. Cut rule conflict: top 65 and ties (AP, TGNN) vs top 70 and ties (Golf Bible); 78 made the cut (TGNN); cut 141 inferred from Howell missing by one at 142.", "wx": null, "wk": null, "coll": [], "rules": [], "tv": null, "aces": [], "mile": [], "firstc": [], "rec": null, "agerec": null, "ch": { "titles": 1, "years": "2026", "majors": 1, "ru": "none", "death": "living" } } }, "venues": { "standrews": { "name": "Old Course, St Andrews", "short": "St Andrews", "country": "Scotland", "n": 30, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1873, 1876, 1879, 1882, 1885, 1888, 1891, 1895, 1900, 1905, 1910, 1921, 1927, 1933, 1939, 1946, 1955, 1957, 1960, 1964, 1970, 1978, 1984, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2022 ], "lat": 56.343, "lon": -2.803 }, "prestwick": { "name": "Prestwick Golf Club", "short": "Prestwick", "country": "Scotland", "n": 24, "rota": "no (last 1925)", "years": [ 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869, 1870, 1872, 1875, 1878, 1881, 1884, 1887, 1890, 1893, 1898, 1903, 1908, 1914, 1925 ], "lat": 55.508, "lon": -4.614 }, "muirfield": { "name": "Muirfield", "short": "Muirfield", "country": "Scotland", "n": 16, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1892, 1896, 1901, 1906, 1912, 1929, 1935, 1948, 1959, 1966, 1972, 1980, 1987, 1992, 2002, 2013 ], "lat": 56.042, "lon": -2.82 }, "stgeorges": { "name": "Royal St George's Golf Club", "short": "Royal St George's", "country": "England", "n": 15, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1894, 1899, 1904, 1911, 1922, 1928, 1934, 1938, 1949, 1981, 1985, 1993, 2003, 2011, 2021 ], "lat": 51.274, "lon": 1.37 }, "hoylake": { "name": "Royal Liverpool Golf Club", "short": "Royal Liverpool", "country": "England", "n": 13, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1897, 1902, 1907, 1913, 1924, 1930, 1936, 1947, 1956, 1967, 2006, 2014, 2023 ], "lat": 53.389, "lon": -3.183 }, "lytham": { "name": "Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club", "short": "Royal Lytham", "country": "England", "n": 11, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1926, 1952, 1958, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1979, 1988, 1996, 2001, 2012 ], "lat": 53.749, "lon": -3.013 }, "birkdale": { "name": "Royal Birkdale Golf Club", "short": "Royal Birkdale", "country": "England", "n": 11, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1954, 1961, 1965, 1971, 1976, 1983, 1991, 1998, 2008, 2017, 2026 ], "lat": 53.622, "lon": -3.03 }, "troon": { "name": "Royal Troon Golf Club (Old Course)", "short": "Troon", "country": "Scotland", "n": 10, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1923, 1950, 1962, 1973, 1982, 1989, 1997, 2004, 2016, 2024 ], "lat": 55.53, "lon": -4.65 }, "carnoustie": { "name": "Carnoustie Golf Links (Championship Course)", "short": "Carnoustie", "country": "Scotland", "n": 8, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1931, 1937, 1953, 1968, 1975, 1999, 2007, 2018 ], "lat": 56.497, "lon": -2.72 }, "musselburgh": { "name": "Musselburgh Links", "short": "Musselburgh", "country": "Scotland", "n": 6, "rota": "no (last 1889)", "years": [ 1874, 1877, 1880, 1883, 1886, 1889 ], "lat": 55.944, "lon": -3.043 }, "turnberry": { "name": "Turnberry (Ailsa Course)", "short": "Turnberry", "country": "Scotland", "n": 4, "rota": "listed as active by Today's Golfer; unused since 2009", "years": [ 1977, 1986, 1994, 2009 ], "lat": 55.319, "lon": -4.834 }, "portrush": { "name": "Royal Portrush Golf Club", "short": "Royal Portrush", "country": "Northern Ireland", "n": 3, "rota": "yes", "years": [ 1951, 2019, 2025 ], "lat": 55.203, "lon": -6.64 }, "deal": { "name": "Royal Cinque Ports Golf Club", "short": "Royal Cinque Ports", "country": "England", "n": 2, "rota": "no (last 1920)", "years": [ 1909, 1920 ], "lat": 51.233, "lon": 1.404 }, "princes": { "name": "Prince's Golf Club", "short": "Prince's", "country": "England", "n": 1, "rota": "no (only 1932)", "years": [ 1932 ], "lat": 51.292, "lon": 1.381 } } }